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Resultados de pesquisa relatados na literatura internacional sobre mulheres na ciência têm constantemente apontado que elas tendem a ser subrepresentadas e menos produtivas que os homens. Isto tem sido contestado e explicado em análises originadas quase que exclusivamente dos países avançados. A pesquisa aqui relatada analisa, a partir de dados quantitativos, a participação das mulheres no corpo docente e na produção científica de quatro institutos da Unicamp. Ainda, através de entrevistas, buscam-se explicações para o quadro descrito pelos indicadores quantitativos. O argumento geral é que padrões de produção científica são socialmente construídos e nesse caso eles evidenciam as construções sociais de gênero na academia.
Abstract
Women are known to be underrepresented in scientific professions and systematically found to be less productive than men, according to evidence from numerous studies in advanced countries. The study reported here aims to test the validity of such assumptions in the University of Campinas. The authors studied women working in four areas: biology, chemistry, physics and social sciences. The article argues that scientific production is socially constructed and that it incorporates the very conditions of their constitution, in this case of gender in academia. The trends we found are similar to those in advanced countries, although some of the explanations refer to particular aspects of Brazilian reality.
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