Palavras-chave
Voz Verbal
Línguas indígenas sul-americanas
Como Citar
Resumo
Em pesquisas anteriores, a causativa sociativa foi considerada uma subcategoria de uma causativa prototípica e não uma categoria própria. Na causativa sociativa, o causador tanto inicia o evento quanto participa nele, ao contrário da causativa prototípica, na qual o causador é apenas o iniciador. Foi proposto anteriormente que o causador pode participar no evento atuando junto com o causado, ajudando o causado ou supervisionando o causado. A causativa sociativa pode ser marcada no predicado usando um marcador específico da mesma, ou pode ser uma interpretação de uma construção causativa prototípica ou uma leitura de um aplicativo. Assim, na literatura anterior propôs-se que a causativa sociativa é uma característica areal das línguas indígenas sul-americanas, e tinha-se conhecimento de 26 línguas com causativa sociativa. Além dessas 26 línguas, foi aplicado um método de amostragem genealogicamente equilibrado e quatro línguas mais com função causativa sociativa foram encontradas. As 30 línguas foram analisadas formal e semanticamente. A análise mostra que a causativa sociativa geralmente descreve o tipo de causação em que o causador é um coator com o causado ou o causador ajuda o causado. O tipo de causação sociativa em que o causador supervisa o causado, ocorre raramente. A causativa sociativa tende a ser usada com verbos intransitivos que expressam movimento ou atividade física.
Referências
Abbott, Miriam (1991). Macushi. In Desmond Derbyshire; Geoffrey Pullum (eds.), Handbook of Amazonian languages, vol. 3, pp. 23-160. Mouton de Gruyter.
Alicea Ortiz, Neftalí (2008). Análisis preliminar de la gramática del idioma taushiro. Instituto Lingüístico de Verano. Available at: https://www.sil.org/resources/archives/29676
Austin, Peter (2005). Causative and applicative constructions in Australian Aboriginal languages. University of London.
Azevedo Apontes, Selmo (2015). Descrição gramatical do oro waram, variante wari’ norte (pakaa nova, txapakura): fonologia, morfologia e sintaxe (Doctoral dissertation). Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Available at: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/MGSS-9XQN96
Bacelar, Laércio Nora (2004). Gramática da língua kanoê: descrição gramatical de uma língua isolada e ameaçada de extinção, falada ao sul do Estado de Rondônia, Brasil (Doctoral dissertation). Katholieke Universiteit Nijmegen. Available at:
https://repository.ubn.ru.nl/bitstream/handle/2066/19429/19429.pdf
Bahrt, Nicklas N (2020). Towards a typology of voice syncretism (Doctoral dissertation). University of Helsinki.
Available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/320228
Bertet, Denis (2020). Aspects of Tikuna grammar (San Martin de Amacayacu variety, Colombia): phonology, nominal phrase, predicative phrase (Doctoral dissertation). Université de Lyon. Available at: https://theses.hal.science/tel-03144314/document
Bertinetto, Pier Marco (2009). Ayoreo (Zamuco). A grammatical sketch. Quaderni del laboratorio de linguistica 8: 1-59.
Bezerra Nonato, Rafael (2008). Ainore Boe egore: um estudo descritivo da língua bororo e conseqüências para a teoria de caso e concordância (Master’s thesis). Universidade Estadual de Campinas. https://doi.org/10.47749/T/UNICAMP.2008.416360
Bruce, Les (1984). The Alamblak language of Papua New Guinea (East Sepik), (Pacific Linguistics Series C-No. 81). Department of Linguistics, Research School of Pacific Studies, The Australian National University.
Camp, Elisabeth; Millicent Liccardi (1967). Itonama (Bolivian indian grammars 2). Summer Institute of Linguistics. Available at: https://www.sil.org/resources/archives/8839
Campbell, Lyle (2012). Classification of the indigenous languages of South America. In Lyle Campbell; Verónica Grondona (eds.), The indigenous languages of south america: A comprehensive guide, pp. 59-166. De Gruyter, Inc. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110258035
Censabella, Marisa (2006). Causación directa, sociativa e indirecta en toba. (Paper presented at the conference of Encuentro de Lenguas Indígenas Americanas, ELIA, at Universidad Nacional de La Pampa, 15-17 June 2006.)
Censabella, Marisa (2007). Los aplicativos alativo y locativo en toba. In Fernández Garay, Ana y Marisa Malvesttiti (eds.), Lenguas aborígenes de la Argentina. Aspectos lingüísticos y sociolingüísticos, pp. 29-50. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa.
Censabella, Marisa (2008). Derivación causativa en Toba. In Zarina Estrada Fernández; Soren Wichmann; Claudeine Chamoreau; Albert Álvarez González (eds.), Studies in voice and transitivity (Estudios de voz y transitividad), pp. 105-126. LINCOM Europa.
Censabella, Marisa (2018). ¿Proceso de pragmaticalización o de gramaticalización? Contextos de uso del aplicativo «debajo» en qom/toba. Cuadernos de ALFAL N° 10. Pp. 103-116. Available at: https://www.mundoalfal.org/sites/default/files/revista/10_cuaderno_008.pdf
Cerrón-Palomino, Rodolfo (2006). El chipaya o la lengua de los hombres del agua. Fondo Editorial de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú.
Chapman, Shirley; Desmont Derbyshire (1991). Paumarí. In Desmond Derbyshire; Geoffrey Pullum (eds.), Handbook of Amazonian languages, vol. 3, pp.161-352. Mouton de Gruyter.
Correia da Silva, Sivaldo (2021). Uma gramática descritiva do nambikwara do campo (nambikwara do Sul) (Doctoral dissertation). Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Available at: https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/40921
Costa de Oliveira, Rosana (2007). Morfologia e sintaxe da língua xavante (Doctoral dissertation). Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro.
Curnow, Timothy J (1997). A grammar of Awa-pit (Cuaiquer). An indigenous language of south-western Colombia (Doctoral dissertation). The Australian National University. Available at: http://hdl.handle.net/1885/145308
Cusihuamán, G. Antonio (1976). Gramática Quechua Cuzco-Collao. Ministerio de Educación/ Instituto de Estudios Peruanos.
Dixon, R. M. W. (1972). The Dyirbal language of North Queensland. Cambridge University Press.
Dixon, R. M. W. (2000). A typology of causatives: form, syntax and meaning. In R. M. W. Dixon; Alexandra I. Aikhenvald (eds.), Changing valency: case studies in transitivity, pp. 39-79. Cambridge University Press.
Dixon, R. M. W. (2004). The Jarawara language of Southern Amazonia. Oxford University Press.
Dos Anjos, Zoraide (2011). Fonologia e gramática Katukina-Kanamari (Doctoral dissertation). Vrije Universiteit.
Dryer, Matthew S. (1989). Large linguistic areas and language sampling. Studies in Language 13(2): 257-292.
https://doi.org/10.1075/sl.13.2.03dry
Dryer, Matthew S.; Martin Haspelmath (eds.) (2013). The World Atlas of Language Structures Online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. Available online at: http://wals.info
Elliot, John A. (2021). A grammar of Enxet Sur (Doctoral dissertation). University Of Hawai‘i. Available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10125/75953
Eloranta-Barrera Virhuez, Rita S. (2020). Mochica: grammatical topics and external relations (Doctoral dissertation). Leiden University. Available at: https://www.lotpublications.nl/Documents/563_fulltext.pdf
Epps, Patience (2005). A grammar of Hup (Doctoral dissertation). University of Virginia.
Estigarribia, Bruno (2020). A grammar of Paraguayan Guaraní (Grammars of World and Minority Languages). UCL Press. https://doi.org/10.14324/111.9781787352872
Everett, Daniel L. (1992). A língua Pirahã e a teoria da sintaxe: descrição, perspectivas e teoria. Editora da UNICAMP.
Fleck, David W. (2002). Causation in Matses (Panoan, Amazonian Peru). In Masayoshi Shibatani (ed.), The grammar of causation and interpersonal manipulation (Typological Studies in Language 48), pp. 373-425. John Benjamins. https://doi.org/10.1075/tsl.48.15fle
Fleck, David W. (2003). A grammar of Matses (Doctoral dissertation). Rice University. Available at: https://hdl.handle.net/1911/18526
Fonini Monserrat, Ruth M. (2000). A língua do povo mỹky. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro.
Gabas, Nilson (1999). A grammar of Karo, Tupí (Brazil) (Doctoral dissertation). University of California.
Gibson, Michael L. (1996). El Munichi: Un idioma que se extingue (Serie Lingüística Peruana 42). 1st edn. Instituto Lingüístico de Verano. https://www.sil.org/resources/archives/29891
Gijn, Rik van (2005). Head marking and dependent marking of case relations in Yurakaré. In Mengistu Amberber; Helen de Hoop (eds.), Competition and variation in natural languages: the case for case, pp. 41-72. Elsevier Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-008044651-6/50005-7
Gijn, Rik van (2006). A grammar of Yurakare (Doctoral dissertation). Radboud University. Available at: https://repository.ubn.ru.nl/handle/2066/27381
Gipper, Sonja (2022). The expression of directed caused accompanied motion events in Yurakaré. In Anna Margetts; Sonja Riesberg; Birgit Hellwig (eds.), Caused Accompanied Motion: Bringing and taking events in a cross-linguistic perspective (Typological Studies in Language 134), pp. 77-100. John Benjamins. https://doi.org/10.1075/tsl.134.05gip
Givón, T. (1990). Syntax: a functional-typological introduction, vol. 2. John Benjamins.
Gomes, Dioney (2006). Estudo morfológico e sintático da língua Mundurukú (Tupí) (Doctoral dissertation). Universidade de Brasília (UnB). Available at: http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/3754
González, Hebe (2005). A grammar of Tapiete (Tupi-Guaraní) (Doctoral dissertation). University of Pittsburgh. Available at: http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/8444
Guillaume, Antoine (2008). A grammar of Cavineña (Mouton Grammar Library 44). Mouton de Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110211771
Guillaume, Antoine (2012). Maropa (Reyesano). Lenguas de Bolivia 2: 191-229.
Guillaume, Antoine & Françoise Rose (2010). Sociative causative markers in South American languages: a possible areal feature. In Franck Floricic (ed.), Essais de typologie et de linguistique générale. Mélanges offerts à Denis Creissels, pp. 383-402. ENS Éditions. https://shs.hal.science/halshs-00724601
Guirardello, Raquel (1999). A reference grammar of Trumai (Doctoral dissertation). Rice University.
Haiman, John (1985). Natural Syntax: Iconicity and Erosion. Cambridge University Press.
Hammarström, Harald; Robert Forkel; Martin Haspelmath; Sebastian Bank (2021). Glottolog 4.5. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5772642 (Available online at http://glottolog.org )
Hanson, Rebecca (2010). A grammar of Yine (Piro) (Doctoral dissertation). La Trobe University. Available at:
https://opal.latrobe.edu.au/articles/thesis/A_grammar_of_Yine_Piro_/21847407?file=38770605
Hardman, Martha J.; Juana Vásquez; Juan de Dios Yapita (2001). Aymara: Compendio de estructura fonológica gramatical. 2nd edn. Instituto de Lengua y Cultura Aymara.
Haude, Katharina (2006). A grammar of Movima (Doctoral dissertation). Radboud University. Available at:
https://repository.ubn.ru.nl/bitstream/handle/2066/41395/41395.pdf
Haude, Katharina (2022). Expressing directional caused accompanied motion in Movima. In Anna Margetts; Sonja Riesberg; Birgit Hellwig (eds.), Caused Accompanied Motion: Bringing and taking events in a cross-linguistic perspective (Typological Studies in Language 134), pp. 77-100. John Benjamins. https://doi.org/10.1075/tsl.134.04hau
Hellwig, Birgit; Margetts, Anna; Sonja Riesberg; Melanie Schippling (2022). Bringing and taking: A cross-linguistic perspective on caused accompanied motion events. In Anna Margetts; Sonja Riesberg; Birgit Hellwig (eds.), Caused Accompanied Motion: Bringing and taking events in a cross-linguistic perspective (Typological Studies in Language 134), pp. 1-41. John Benjamins. https://doi.org/10.1075/tsl.134.01hel
Hoff, Berend J. (1968). The Carib language. Martinus Nijhoff.
Itier, César (1997). Parlons Quechua: La langue du Cuzco. L'Harmattan.
Johnson, Orville E.; Stephen H. Levinsohn (1990). Gramatica secoya. Instituto Lingüístico de Verano. Available at: https://www.sil.org/resources/archives/17548
Kerke, Simon van de (1998). Verb Formation in Leko: causatives, reflexives and reciprocals. In Leonid Kulikov; Heinz Vater (eds.), Typology of verbal categories: papers presented to Vladimir Nedjalkov on the occasion of his 70th birthday, pp. 195-203. Max Niemeyer Verlag.
Kittilä, Seppo (2009). Causative morphemes as non-valency increasing devices. Folia Linguistica 43(1): 67-94. https://doi.org/10.1515/FLIN.2009.002
Kulikov, Leonid I. (2001). Causatives. In Martin Haspelmath; Ekkehard König; Wulf Oesterreicher; Wolfgang Raible (eds.), Language Typology and Universals, vol 2, pp. 886–895. Walter De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110194265-003
Machoni de Cerdeña, Antonio (1732). Arte y vocabulario de la lengua lule y tonocoté. Madrid.
Malchukov, Andrej L. (2017). Markedness effects in applicative formation. In Albert Álvarez González; Ía Navarro (eds.), Verb valency changes: Theoretical and typological perspectives (Typological Studies in Language 120), pp. 3-29. John Benjamins. https://doi.org/10.1075/tsl.120.01mal
Miestamo, Matti; Dik Bakker; Antti Arppe (2016). Sampling for variety. Linguistic Typology 20(2): 233-296. https://doi.org/10.1515/lingty-2016-0006
Miestamo, Matti; Kaius Sinnemäki (2020). Kielitypologian menetelmät. In Milla Luodonpää-Manni; Markus Hamunen; Reetta Konstenius; Matti Miestamo; Urpo Nikanne; Kaius Sinnemäki (eds.), Kielentutkimuksen menetelmiä I-IV. Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seuran toimituksia, Nro 1457, pp. 639-678. Helsinki: Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura. https://doi.org/10.21435/skst.1457
Mihas, Elena (2015). A grammar of Alto Perené (Arawak) (Mouton Grammar Library vol. 69). De Gruyter Mouton. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110766301
Muysken, Pieter (2008). Introduction: Conceptual and methodological issues in areal linguistics. In Muysken, Pieter. (ed.), From linguistic areas to areal linguistics, pp. 1-23. John Benjamins. https://doi.org/10.1075/slcs.90.01muy
Næss, Åshild (2007). Prototypical transitivity. John Benjamins.
Payne, David (2002). Causatives in Asheninka: The case for a sociative source. In Masayoshi Shibatani (ed.), The grammar of causation and interpersonal manipulation (Typological Studies in Language 48), pp. 485–505. John Benjamins. ttps://doi.org/10.1075/tsl.48.17pay
Payne, Doris L. (1985). Aspects of the grammar of Yagua: A typological perspective (Doctoral dissertation). University of California. Available at: https://linguistics.ucla.edu/images/stories/Payne.1985.pdf
Peña, Jaime Germán (2015). A grammar of Wampis (Doctoral dissertation). University of Oregon. Available at: https://hdl.handle.net/1794/19730
Peyró García, Miguel (2005). Estructuras gramaticales en el Glosario de la lengua atacameña (1896). LIAMES 5: 25-42. https://doi.org/10.20396/liames.v5i1.1437
Praça, Walkíria N (2007). Morfossintaxe da língua tapirapé (família tupí-guaraní) (Doctoral dissertation). Universidade de Brasília. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/6626
Queixalós, Francesc (2002). The notion of transfer in Sikuani causatives. In Masayoshi Shibatani (ed.), The grammar of causation and interpersonal manipulation (Typological Studies in Language 48), pp. 319-339. John Benjamins. https://doi.org/10.1075/tsl.48.13que
Rijkhoff, Jan; Dik Bakker; Kees Hengeveld; Peter Kahrel (1993). A method of language sampling. Studies in Language 17(1): 169-203. https://doi.org/10.1075/sl.17.1.07rij
Rodrigues, Aryon D. (1953). Morfologia do verbo Tupi. Letras: Separata 1: 121-152.
Rojas Berscia, Luis Miguel (2013). La sintaxis y semántica de las construcciones causativas en el chayahuita de Balsapuerto (Bchelor's degree in linguistics). Pontificia Universidad Católica de Perú. Available at: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/4670
Rojas Berscia, Luis Miguel (2019). From Kawapanan to Shawi: Topics in language change and variation. (Doctoral dissertation). Radboud University Nijmegen. https://repository.ubn.ru.nl/handle/2066/204333
Rose, Françoise (2003). Morphosyntaxe de l’émérillon. Une langue tupi-guaraní de Guyane française (Doctoral dissertation). Université Lumière Lyon II. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00452100/
Sakel, Jeanette (2003). A grammar of Mosetén (Doctoral dissertation). Radboud University. Available at:
Public URL https://uwe-repository.worktribe.com/output/1065760
Publisher URL: http://www.degruyter.com/view/product/61823
Seki, Lucy (2000). Gramática do Kamaiurá. Editora da UNICAMP.
Shibatani, Masayoshi; Prashant Pardeshi (2002). The causative continuum. In Shibatani, Masayoshi (ed.), The grammar of causation and interpersonal manipulation (Typological Studies in Language 48), pp. 85–126. John Benjamins. https://doi.org/10.1075/tsl.48.07shi
Stassen, Leon (2010). The problem of cross-linguistic identification. In Jae Jung Song (ed.), Oxford handbook of linguistic typology, pp. 90-99 Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199281251.013.0006
Swift, Kenneth E. (1988). Morfologia del Caquinte (arawak preandino) (Trans. by Elena Diez-Canseco; Marlene Dávila). Instituto Lingüístico de Verano. https://www.sil.org/resources/archives/29899
Tacconi, Temis L. (2016). Construcciones causativas y desiderativas en maká (mataguayo). LIAMES 16(1): 95-117.
https://doi.org/10.20396/liames.v16i1.8646168
Thiesen, Wesley; David J. Weber (2012). A grammar of Bora with special attention to tone. SIL International.
https://www.sil.org/resources/archives/55005
Valdivia, Luis de [1606] (1887). Arte, vocabulario y confesionario de la lengua de Chile. Edición facsimilar de Julius Platmann. Leipzig: B.G. Teubner.
Valenzuela, Pilar (2002). Causativization and transitivity in Shipibo-Konibo. In Masayoshi Shibatani (ed.), The grammar of causation and interpersonal manipulation (Typological Studies in Language 48), pp. 417–483. John Benjamins. https://doi.org/10.1075/tsl.48.16val
Valenzuela, Pilar (2010). Applicative constructions in Shipibo-Konibo (Panoan). International Journal of American Linguistics 76(1): 101-144. https://doi.org/10.1086/652756
Velázquez-Castillo, Maura (2002). Paraguayan Guaraní causative constructions. In Masayoshi Shibatani (ed.), The grammar of causation and interpersonal manipulation (Typological Studies in Language 48), pp. 507-534. John Benjamins. https://doi.org/10.1075/tsl.48.18vel
Villafañe, Lucrecia (2004). Gramática Yuki. Lengua Tupí-Guaraní de Bolivia. Ediciones del Rectorado, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. https://repository.ubn.ru.nl/handle/2066/61996
Voort, Hein van der (1994). A grammar of Kwaza (Mouton Grammar Library 29). Mouton de Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110197280
Wise, Mary R. (1986). Grammatical characteristics of PreAndine Arawakan languages of Peru. In Desmond Derbyshire; Geoffrey Pullum (eds.), Handbook of Amazonian languages, vol. 1, pp. 567-642. Mouton de Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110850819.567
Wise, Mary R. (1990). Valence-Changing Affixes in Maipuran Arawakan Languages. In Doris Payne L. (ed.), Amazonian Linguistics. Studies in Lowland South American Languages, pp. 89-116. University of Texas Press. https://utpress.utexas.edu/9780292723641/amazonian-linguistics/
Wise, Mary R. (2002). Applicative affixes in Peruvian Amazonian languages. Mily Crevels; Simon van de Kerke; Sérgio Meira; Hein van der Voort (eds.), Current Studies on South American Languages (Indigenous Languages of Latin America 3), pp. 329-344. Research School of Asian, African, and Amerindian Studies (CNWS).
Zúñiga, Fernando; Seppo Kittilä (2019). Grammatical voice. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316671399
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2024 Roosa Pöllänen
Downloads
