Palavras-chave
representação proporcional
voto dividido
reforma política
peso negativo do voto
Como Citar
Resumo
O sistema eleitoral misto é frequentemente apontado como um importante arranjo institucional que propicia estabilidade com proporcionalidade. Não raramente, é associado à solidez da democracia alemã e assim indicado como referência para reformas em outras democracias. Uma análise sobre o impacto político desse modelo eleitoral nas eleições alemãs desde 1949 expõe, no entanto, um contínuo debate sobre a necessidade de reformas. Por meio de um estudo de caso da Alemanha, este artigo examina os efeitos da adoção do modelo misto por compensação sobre a proporcionalidade e sobre a competição partidária. Em especial, destaco dois elementos pouco difundidos: o voto dividido e o efeito contaminante. A análise empírica demonstra que a combinação dos dois votos traz inúmeras complicações para o sistema político alemão devido aos resultados imprevisíveis em relação à proporcionalidade.
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