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O artigo analisa os anos de formação da Political Science nos Estados Unidos. A bibliografia tem destacado três características que constituíram o cerne de uma tradição estadunidense nesse campo de estudos: 1) o compromisso com os princípios do liberalismo, 2) o enfoque institucionalista e 3) a afirmação do caráter científico de seu empreendimento. De modo ainda pouco elaborado essas características estão presentes em uma “citizen literature” no final do século XVIII, mas é no processo de institucionalização da ciência política, na segunda metade do século XIX, elas são definidos de modo mais preciso tornando-se marcas distintivas dessa ciência nos Estados Unidos. A presente investigação apresenta como essas características se manifestaram no surgimento da Political Science e argumenta que para melhor compreendê-la é preciso destacar uma quarta característica: a desconfiança para com a democracia e o povo.
Abstract:
The article analyzes the formation years of Political Science in the United States. The bibliography has highlighted three characteristics that would be the core of an American tradition in this study field: 1) the commitment to the principle of liberalism, 2) the institutionalist approach, and 3) the affirmation of the scientific character of its entrepreneurship. In a still little elaborated way, these haracteristics are present in a “citizen literature” in the end of the 18th century, but they were defined in a more precise way in the process of institutionalization of political science in the second half of the 19th century, and has become the hallmarks of this science in the United States. This research shows how these characteristics have been displayed in the emergence of Political Science and argues that for its better understanding it is necessary to highlight a forth characteristic: its mistrust democracy and the people.
Keywords: history of political science; institutionalism; liberalism; democracy
Referências
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