Keywords
Globalisation
Social representations
Metasystem
Social comparison
Social identity
Social representations
Metasystem
Social comparison
Social identity
How to Cite
RIBEIRO, Raquel; POESCHL, Gabrielle. Social representations of globalisation and the functioning of the metasystem in social comparison contexts: evidence from two studies in Portugal. Opinião Pública, Campinas, SP, v. 26, n. 1, p. 193–221, 2020. Disponível em: https://periodicos.sbu.unicamp.br/ojs/index.php/op/article/view/8659542. Acesso em: 17 jul. 2024.
Abstract
Globalisation generates intense debate and contradictory positions, being a particularly relevant object of social representations (SR). This article attempts to better understand the SR of globalisation by analysing how the normative social metasystem controls, verifies and selects the material produced by the operative system in contexts of social comparison. Using a multi-method approach, we conducted two studies, with semi-structured interviews (N=30) and a free association questionnaire (N=100), in the Porto Metropolitan Area, Portugal. Results highlight how social comparison contexts trigger arguments in favour of group interests and reveal the existing power relations between groups. The importance of identifying the relations that guide thinking about social objects and the applicability of SR theory for understanding complex, controversial, sociopolitical objects are discussed.
References
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CRESWELL, J. W. Research design: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Thousand Oaks: Sage, 2003.
DESCHAMPS, J. C.; GUIMELLI, C. L’organisation interne des représentations sociales de la sécurité/insécurité et l’hypothèse de la “zone muette”. In: BEAVOIS, J. L.; JOULE, R. V.; MONTEIL, J. M. (eds.). Perspectives cognitives et conduites sociale. Rennes: Presses Universitaires de Rennes, 2004.
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ELCHEROTH, G.; DOISE, W.; REICHER, S. “On the knowledge of politics and the politics of knowledge: how a social representations approach helps us rethink the subject of political psychology”. Political Psychology, vol. 32 nº 5, p. 729-758, 2011.
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FLAMENT, C. “La représentation sociale comme système normatif”. Psychologie et Société, vol. 1, p. 29-53, 1999.
GIDDENS, A. The consequences of modernity. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1990.
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GILLESPIE, A. “Social representations, alternative representations and semantic barriers”. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, vol. 38 nº 4, p. 375-391, 2008.
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GUILLÉN, M. F. “Is globalisation civilizing, destructive or feeble? A critique of five key debates in the social-science literature”. Annual Review of Sociology, vol. 27, p. 235-260, 2001.
GUIMELLI, C.; DESCHAMPS, J. C. “Effet des contextes sur la production d’associations verbales. Le cas des représentations sociales des Gitanes”. Les Cahiers Internationaux de Psychologie Sociale, vol. 47, p. 44-54, 2000.
HELD, D.; MCGREW, A. Globalization theory: approaches and controversies. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2007.
JODELET, D. “Returning to past features of Serge Moscovici’s theory to feed the future”. Papers on Social Representations, vol. 20, 2011.
JOST, J. T.; IGNATOW, G. What we do and don’t know about the functions of social representations. In: DEAUX, K.; PHILOGÊNE, G. (eds.). Representations of the social. Oxford: Blackwell, 2001.
JOVCHELOVITCH, S. “The rehabilitation of common sense: social representations, science and cognitive polyphasia”. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, vol. 38 nº 4, p. 431-448, 2008.
KOHUT, A.; WIKE, R. “PEW PRESENTS… Assessing globalisation: benefits and drawbacks of trade and integration". Harvard International Review, vol. 30, nº 1, p. 70-74, 2008.
KUMAR, V. S. A. “A critical methodology of globalisation: politics of the 21st century?”. Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies, vol. 10, nº 2, p. 87-111, 2003.
LAGE, E. “Les représentations sociales du métier de chercheur dans la jeunesse”. Rapport scientifique de l’Action Thématique Programmée du C.N.R.S. Contrat C.N.R.S. nº 2156, 1978.
LIU, J. H., et al. “Representing world history in the 21st century: the impact of 9/11, the Iraq War, and the Nation-State on dynamics of collective remembering”. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, vol. 40, nº 4, p. 667-692, 2009.
MCCARTHY, J. “Americans' favorable views of China take 12-point hit” (online), 2019. Available at: <https://news.gallup.com/poll/247559/americans-favorable-views-china-point-hit.aspx>. Access in: 28 Nov. 2019.
MENIN, M. S. S. “Representação social e estereótipo: a zona muda das representações sociais”. Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa, vol. 22, nº 1, p. 43-52, 2006.
MIGUEL, I.; VALENTIM, J. P.; CARUGATI, F. “Intelligence and its development: social representations and social identities”. Papers on Social Representations, vol. 19, nº 2, 2010.
MIGUEL, I.; VALENTIM, J. P.; CARUGATI, F. “De las representaciones sociales a la acción: proximidad y relación entre las representaciones sociales del desarrollo de la inteligencia y un estilo parental democrático”. Revista de Psicología Social, vol. 31, nº 2, p. 254-281, 2016.
MILANOVIC, B. Global inequality: a new approach for the age of globalization. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2016.
MORRISON, W. M. “China’s economic rise: history, trends, challenges, and implications for the United States” (online), 2019. Available at: <https://fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RL33534.pdf>. Access in: 26 Nov. 2019.
MOSCOVICI, S. La psychanalyse, son image et son public. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France. (original work published in 1961), 1976.
MOSCOVICI, S. On social representations. In: FORGAS, J. P. (ed.). Social cognition: perspectives on everyday understanding. London: Academic Press, 1981.
MOSCOVICI, S. Why a theory of social representations? In: Deaux, K. and Philogène, G. (eds.). Representations of the social. Oxford: Blackwell, pp. 8-35, 2001.
PATTON, M. Q. Qualitative research & evaluation methods, 3rd ed. Thousand Oaks: Sage, 2002.
POESCHL, G. “L’intelligence: un concept à la recherche d’un sens”. Doctoral Thesis. Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de L'Éducation. Université de Genève, Genéve, Suisse, 1992.
POESCHL, G. “Processus d’ancrage et représentations sociales de l’intelligence”. Psicologia, vol. 12, nº 1, p. 85-100, 1998.
POESCHL, G. Intelligence masculine et intelligence féminine. In: BRIL, B., et al. (eds.). Propos sur l’enfant et l’adolescent: quels enfants, pour quelles cultures? Paris: L’Harmattan, 1999.
POESCHL, G. “Social comparison and differentiation strategies in social representations of intelligence”. Swiss Journal of Psychology, vol. 60 nº 1, p. 15-26, 2001.
POESCHL, G.; CAMPOS, P. H. F.; BEN ALAYA, D. “Appartenances nationales et prises de position sur la mondialisation”. Bulletin de Psychologie, vol. 60, nº 1, p. 11-19, 2007.
POESCHL, G.; RIBEIRO, R. “Inserções sociais e tomadas de posição: efeito das pertenças sociais nas representações da globalização”. In: Valentim, J. P. (ed.). Representações sociais: para um conhecimento do pensamento quotidiano. In press.
POESCHL, G.; VIAUD, J. (eds.). Images de la mondialisation: la construction sociale d’une représentation. Rennes: Presses Universitaires de Rennes, 2008.
REESE, G.; ROSENMANN, A.; MCGARTY, C. “Globalisation and global concern: developing a social psychology of human responses to global challenges”. European Journal of Social Psychology, vol. 45, p. 799-805, 2015.
REICH, S. “What is globalisation? Four possible answers” (Working Paper nº 261) (online), 1998. Available at: <https://kellogg.nd.edu/publications/workingpapers/WPS/261.pdf>. Access in: 23 May 2005.
REINERT, M. “Les "mondes lexicaux" et leur "logique" à travers l’analyse statistique d’un corpus de récits de cauchemars”. Langage et Société, vol. 66, p. 5-39, 1993.
RIBEIRO, R. Representações da globalização, justiça e relações entre países: um contributo para o estudo do metassistema das representações sociais (unpublished doctoral thesis in psychology). Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal, 2011.
RIBEIRO, R.; POESCHL, G. "Globalização e suas consequências: representações de estudantes e profissionais portugueses". Psicologia e Saber Social, vol. 2, nº 1, p. 51-71, 2013.
RODRIGUES, J. N.; DEVEZAS, T. Pioneers of globalization: why the Portuguese surprised the world. Famalicão: Centro Atlântico, 2007.
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