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Embora o conceito de enquadramento venha sendo intensivamente utilizado nos estudos de mídia, parece unânime a opinião de que seu emprego ainda é fluido demais para fundar um paradigma teórico. Contribui para isso a informalidade metodológica característica das rotinas tradicionalmente usadas para a identificação de enquadramentos. Diante dessa lacuna, este artigo propõe um protocolo para a identificação de enquadramentos midiáticos a partir da combinação de Programas Computacionais de Codificação Assistida de Dados Qualitativos (Caqdas, na sigla anglófona) com a técnica da Análise de Correspondências. Tal combinação permite explicitar os critérios que validam uma dada tipologia de enquadramentos sem, contudo, automatizar todo o processo. Para exemplificar os ganhos heurísticos dessa técnica, ela é aplicada a um corpus de textos sobre as ações afirmativas raciais nas universidades brasileiras publicados nos dois principais jornais brasileiros.
Abstract:
The concept of framing is intensively used in media studies. However, it is usually employed in a fractured way. In despite of its semantics inaccuracy, also contributes to these problems the lack of formal routines to identify media-frames. This article proposes a routine to framing identification based on the combination between Computer-Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis Software (Caqdas) and Correspondence Analysis techniques. Such mixed method could clarify the formalization of media-frames without mechanizing the full process. To exemplify the usefulness of this technique, it’s applied to a corpus of journalistic texts about the affirmative action in Brazil.
Keywords: framing; Caqdas; press; correspondence analysis; affirmative action
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