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Tanto a situação na França quanto os quadros de referência teóricos usados para analisar a flexibilidade evoluíram consideravelmente nos últimos vinte anos. Nosso artigo pretende descrever essa transformação e defender uma tese específica. O mundo moderno pós-Ford apresenta dois novos aspectos quando comparado ao que fora descrito na análise funcionalista tradicional: por um lado, as tensões inerentes à natureza ambivalente da flexibilidade são vistas hoje como questões mais pessoais; por outro, a ambivalência não é mais encarada como puramente disfuncional, mas tem um aspecto positivo. À luz desse novo quadro de referência, apresentaremos inicialmente o cenário dos vários debates sobre flexibilidade na França, e mostraremos, em seguida, as relações entre flexibilidade e ambivalência sociológica, antes de apresentarmos os dados empíricos que sustentam nossa tese.
Abstract
Both the situation of employment in France and the frameworks used to analyse flexibility have evolved considerably over the last twenty years. The paper aims to describe this transformation and defend a particular thesis. Our post-Ford modern world has two new aspects when compared with the traditional functionalist analysis: on the one hand, the tensions inherent in the ambivalent nature of flexibility are today seen as more personal issues, and on the other, ambivalence is no longer seen as purely dysfunctional, but to have a possible positive aspect. Given this new framework, the paper first presents the background to the various debates on flexibility in France, and then shows the links between flexibility and sociological ambivalence before presenting empirical data in support of the thesis.
Key Words: Flexibility, Ambivalence, Gender, France
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