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O presente artigo reconstrói as origens dos conceitos de gênero e de identidade analisando sua importância histórica e relevância sociológica, através de uma História Social das idéias. A partir desta base teórica, elabora-se uma proposta central sobre os eixos constitutivos da identidade de gênero da mulher, considerada na sua dimensão social. Desta maneira, explora-se algumas características gerais da formação de identidade de gênero e seus estreitos vínculos tanto com as relações de poder entre gêneros quanto com os mecanismos pelos quais estas são
reproduzidas. Por fim, o artigo analisa algumas formas alternativas de construção da identidade de gênero que explicitam relações de poder entre gêneros e sugerem possibilidades de desarticulação do atual sistema de diferenciação social baseada em gênero.
Abstract
Through a social history of ideas, this paper reconstructs the origins and analyses the historical importance, as well as the sociological relevance of the concepts of gender and identity. The resulting theoretical platform is used by the work to put forward its central proposal about the constitutive axes of women's gender identity, in its social dimension. In addition, it explores some general characteristics of the process of gender identity formation, as well as the strong links it has with power relations, and with the mechanisms through which these are reproduced. Finally, the paper reviews some alternative forms of gender identity construction that have fractured inter-gender power relations, and that suggest possibilities of disarticulating the current system of social differentiation based on gender.
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