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El 28 de agosto del año 2003, tras dos años de trabajo y habiendo recopilado unos 17000 testimonios, la Comisión de la Verdad y Reconciliación del Perú presentó su Informe Final sobre el periodo de violencia 1980-2000. Esta comisión compartió numerosos rasgos con las comisiones guatemalteca y sudafricana que la antecedieron. Las tres comisiones fueron consideradas sensibles al género puesto que buscaron activamente sacar a la luz las experiencias de violencia sufridas por mujeres. Este énfasis reflejó el deseo de escribir ―verdades más inclusivas‖, así como también los cambios en la jurisprudencia internacional. En este artículo examino las estrategias de investigación sensibles al género y los modos en los cuales las comisiones de verdad han incorporado estas estrategias en su trabajo. La verdad y memoria se encuentran, de hecho, atravesadas por el género, pero no necesariamente del modo en que lo entiende el sentido común. Así, espero ofrecer una comprensión más sutil de las dimensiones asociadas al género presentes en la guerra.
Abstract
In August 28, 2003, after two years working and having collected 17000 testimonials, the Peruvian Committee for the Truth and Reconciliation presented its Final Information on the violence period from 1980 to 2000. This Committee shared many traits with its equivalents from Guatemala and South Africa. All three Committees were considered gender-sensitive for they tried to bring to light the experiences of violence suffered by women. Such an emphasis reflected the will to write ―more inclusive truths‖ as well as changes in international jurisprudence. In this article, I examine the gender-sensitive research strategies and the ways in which truth committees incorporated these strategies to their work. Truth and memory are, in fact, crossed by gender, but not necessarily in the way that common sense understands it. Thus, I hope to offer a more subtle understanding of the dimensions associated to gender in war.
Key Words: Commissions for the Truth, Reconciliation, gender, memory, Peru
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