Palavras-chave
Karl
1886-1964. Substantivismo. Formalismo. Análise institucional. Economia. Mercado.
Como Citar
Resumo
Na raiz do pensamento Polanyiano, encontra-se a distinção entre economia no sentido substantivo e economia no sentido formal. Com efeito, a concepção substantivista – que define a economia como um processo instituído de interação entre o homem e o ambiente natural e social que o rodeia e resulta em contínua oferta de meios para satisfazer as necessidades humanas – constitui a base do método preconizado pelo autor: a análise institucional. Com tal distinção, Polanyi (1977a) pretende evitar a “falácia economicista” que consiste na identificação automática da economia com sua forma de mercado. Ao contrário, só na moderna economia capitalista é que um “sistema de mercados formadores de preços” desempenha papel fundamental. Essas questões foram alvo de um “Grande Debate” entre as correntes substantivista – encabeçada por Polanyi – e formalista no contexto da disciplina da Antropologia Econômica
Abstract
At the root of Polanyian thought, a distinction can be found between the substantive and formal concepts of the economy. In fact, the substantivist conception, that defines the economy as an instituted process of interaction between man and its natural and social environment, which results in a continuous supply of material means to meet human needs, constitutes the basis of the method recommended by the author: institutional analysis. With this distinction, Polanyi intends to avoid the “economistic fallacy”, which consists of the automatic identification of the economy in its market form. Only in the modern capitalist economy does a system of “price-making markets” play a fundamental role. These questions were amply discussed in the so-called “Great Debate” between the substantivist and formalist schools of thought in the discipline of Economic Anthropology.
Keywords: Polanyi, Karl, 1886-1964. Substantivism. Formalism. Institutional analysis. Economy. Market.
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