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Este artigo visa analisar a posição de Marshall em relação ao capitalismo de sua época e às possibilidades de mudança social. Argumenta-se que, apesar de ser um grande defensor do sistema de liberdade econômica, Marshall considerava fundamental sanar o problema da pobreza e da indigência que assolava e degradava física, moral e intelectualmente boa parte da população. Todavia, ao contrário dos socialistas e coletivistas que visavam extinguir as principais instituições vigentes (a concorrência, a propriedade privada, o trabalho assalariado, entre outras), o autor vislumbrava uma sociedade melhor ainda sob a égide dessas instituições capitalistas. Essa situação melhor poderia ser atingida por meio da intervenção do Estado e de mudanças importantes nos valores dos indivíduos – que envolveriam a adoção de uma postura mais nobre e cavalheiresca no seu agir econômico.
Abstract
This paper analyses Marshall‟s view in relation to capitalism and to the possibilities of social change. It is argued that in spite of being an important defender of the system of economic liberty, Marshall thought it was crucial to solve the problems of poverty and indigence that degraded physically, morally and intellectually a great part of the population. He rejected the socialists and collectivists solutions – that aimed at extinguishing the main prevailing institutions, such as competition in the market and private property, and wage-labor; and defended that a better society could be built preserving the key institutions of capitalism. He believed that this better situation could be achieved by prompt intervention of the State, and by important changes in the values of the individuals of society, that involved more nobility and chivalry in their economic action.
Keywords: Alfred Marshall. Capitalist. Poverty. Socialism. Social change
Referências
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