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Uma nota sobre inflação, déficits e a sustentabilidade da dívida governamental
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Palavras-chave

Inflação. Déficit. Sustentabilidade

Como Citar

LUPORINI, Viviane. Uma nota sobre inflação, déficits e a sustentabilidade da dívida governamental. Economia e Sociedade, Campinas, SP, v. 13, n. 2, p. 175–184, 2016. Disponível em: https://periodicos.sbu.unicamp.br/ojs/index.php/ecos/article/view/8643050. Acesso em: 25 abr. 2024.

Resumo

Este pequeno artigo discute as condições para sustentabilidade fiscal definida como uma relação estável entre dívida e produto. Mostra-se que as condições comumente utilizadas para definir sustentabilidade, notadamente uma taxa de juro real menor que a taxa de crescimento da renda, não são suficientes para uma relação dívida/PIB estável quando o governo tem acesso a receitas monetárias (senhoriagem). O papel exercido pelo mercado e as expectativas dos agentes econômicos, e as razões para a dificuldade de se estabelecer uma relação empírica entre déficits orçamentários e inflação são discutidos. Argumenta-se que a formação de expectativas sobre a consolidação fiscal e os efeitos da inflação sobre as contas públicas possam explicar essa dificuldade empírica, ainda que a redução ou eliminação de déficits orçamentários possa ser considerada um fato estilizado dos programas de estabilização que obtiveram sucesso.

Abstract

This note discusses the conditions for a sustainable fiscal policy defined as one that will result in a stable debt/income ratio. It is shown that the usually evoked condition for sustainability, that the real rate of interest be smaller than the rate of the income growth, is not a sufficient one when the government has access to revenue from seignorage collection. The role played by the market and expectations, and the reasons for the difficulties in establishing an empirical relationship between budget deficits and inflation reported in the literature are discussed. It is argued that the way expectations about fiscal consolidation are formed, and the effects of inflation on the government budget might explain the absence of a systematic relationship between deficits and inflation. Yet, despite the empirical results, the reduction or virtual elimination of budget deficits may be considered a stylized fact about successful stabilization programs.

Key words: Inflation. Deficit. Sustainability
 

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Referências

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