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Abstract
Este trabalho objetiva compreender a estrutura conceitual e teórica do programa empregador de última instância (ELR) e fazer um levantamento dos argumentos pró e contra a implantação do programa no Brasil. Sendo o desemprego estrutural um problema que afeta as economias capitalistas do mundo inteiro, seria possível eliminá-lo da economia brasileira sem gerar um processo inflacionário? Como ainda argumentam os economistas do novo consenso, seria necessário para tanto promover uma política de flexibilização do mercado de trabalho? A hipótese fundamentada na teoria crítica de Minsky (1986) e Wray (2003) sobre o desenvolvimento contemporâneo do capitalismo é que, se o Estado atuar como ELR, o desemprego estrutural poderá ser totalmente eliminado da economia sem provocar um processo inflacionário ou incorrer nos possíveis malefícios causados pela flexibilização trabalhista.
Abstract
This paper aims to understand the conceptual and theoretical framework of the employer of last resort (ELR) program and analyze the arguments in favor of and against its implementation in Brazil. As structural unemployment is a problem which affects all capitalist economies around the world, would it be possible to eliminate it from the Brazilian economy without generating an inflationary process? Or, as the economists of the new consensus argue, would it be necessary to promote a labor market reform policy? The hypothesis, based on the critical theory of Minsky (1986) and Wray (2003) on the contemporary development of capitalism, is that if the government acts as an ELR, structural unemployment could be entirely eliminated from the economy without provoking an inflationary process, nor experiencing negative effects caused by labor market reform policies.
Keywords: Employer of last resort. Structural unemployment. New consensus.
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