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Explicar o crescimento econômico brasileiro no século XX é realmente desafiador. Como mostrado no trabalho, o Brasil já experimentou melhores taxas de crescimento e atualmente o país se encontra distante da belle époque. Este trabalho analisa o modelo de Thirlwall de restrição no balanço de pagamentos para o crescimento econômico brasileiro no período 1900-2005, destacando a importância dos termos de troca. Os resultados mostraram que os termos de troca são significativos na função de demanda por importações, alterando a elasticidade-renda, especialmente no subperíodo 1900-1970, e, segundo, que quando o modelo mais simples de Thirlwall é controlado pelos termos de troca, parece que tal variável afeta a performance econômica do país através das taxas de crescimento das importações.
Abstract
Explaining the Brazilian economic growth performance during the 20th is a challenging task to academics. As shown, Brazil had already experienced faster growth and recently it is far from such belle époque. Most explanations are based on conventional frameworks. This paper assesses the Balance-of-Payments constraint model to Brazilian economic growth in the period 1900-2005, highlighting the importance of the terms of trade. The results show, first, that the terms of trade are significant in the estimation of import demand function and change the income elasticity, especially in the first period of the sample (1900-1970), and, second, when the simplest Thirlwall’s model is controlled by terms of trade, it seems that such variable is important through import growth, which cause changes in economic performance.
Key words: Brazilian economic growth. Terms of trade; Balance-of-Payments Constraint. Thirlwall’s law
Citas
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