Palavras-chave
Territórios do conhecimento
desenvolvimento urbano baseado no conhecimento
distrito de inovação
modelo de hélice quíntupla
Como Citar
Dados de financiamento
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
Números do Financiamento 2023/00882-5 -
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Resumo
Desde o século passado, vêm surgindo diferentes territórios dedicados à produção do conhecimento, como os campi universitários, os Parques Científicos e Tecnológicos e, mais recentemente, os distritos de inovação. Ao longo das últimas décadas, juntamente com o crescimento do setor de serviços baseados no conhecimento, eles evoluíram paralelamente com os diferentes modelos de inovação, passando a incorporar maiores preocupações sociais e ambientais, baseados no modelo de hélice quíntupla. Este artigo investiga as estratégias e abordagens adotadas na transição de territórios do conhecimento para o que alguns autores vêm chamando de quarta geração, utilizando como estudos de caso a operação urbana Paris-Saclay e o campus universitário distritotec, localizados respectivamente na França e no México. O primeiro mostra uma estratégia de criação de um campus urbano em um local em que as instituições existentes não se relacionavam, resultando em um espaço mais sustentável e capaz de promover a interação social. O segundo apresenta um esforço de integração de um campus universitário fechado com o entorno existente, com o objetivo de integrar sociedade, meio ambiente e empresas a um ambiente acadêmico fechado. Os exemplos situam-se em dois contextos diferentes, o primeiro em um país desenvolvido e o segundo em um país periférico. Para esta análise, foram adotados os conceitos de Triple Bottom Line e de Knowledge-Based Urban Development. Espera-se, com isto, contribuir para o desenvolvimento de um modelo aplicável a outros territórios do conhecimento, facilitando a identificação de sua fase de desenvolvimento e da qualidade de seus ambientes construídos.
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