Keywords
How to Cite
Abstract
The aim of this study was to correlate caries experience and physiological and microbiological profiles. The study group comprised 60 individuals with Down syndrome, both genders, aged from one to 48 years. The prevalence of caries was analyzed by DMFT/DMFS and dmft/dmfs indexes. Physiological factors such as flow rate, and buffer capacity and microbiological factor such as mutans streptococci counts were observed. The average DMFT and DMFS were, respectively, 4.53 and 6.85, whereas the mean dmft and dmfs values were 1.55 and 2.55, respectively. Ninety-four percent of 18 individuals that saliva was possible to collected presented low flow rate and only 6% of them had normal flow rate; 44% percent had low buffer capacity, 39% had limited buffer capacity and 16% had normal buffer capacity. Sixty percent of individuals had high values of CFU/mL (>1.000.000 S. mutans); while 40% presented low values of microorganisms (<100.000 S. mutans). Data of clinical, physiological and microbiological characterization were statistically analyzed through Pearson’s correlation and Chi-square test. A p-value d” 0.05 was considered significant. DMFT/DMTS and dmft/dmfs indexes increased with age. Pearson’s correlation showed significant values to DMFT/DMFS x age (r= 0.80 and r= 0.82; p< 0.01). Flow rate and buffering capacity were low. Individuals had high mutans streptococci counts (CFU/mL). DMFT/DMFS did not present significant correlation with flow rate, buffering capacity and mutans streptococci counts and no association with gender. The prevalence of dental caries increased with age at individuals with Down syndrome. As caries is a multifactor disease, other factors, which were not evaluated in the present study, such as diet, host and oral hygiene might be influencing the development of dental caries in these individuals.References
Mustacchi Z, Rozone G. Síndrome de Down: aspectos clínicos e odontológicos. São Paulo: CID; 1990. 248p.
Buxton R, Hunter J. Understanding Down’s syndrome: a review. J Dent Hyg. 1999; 73: 99-101.
Acerbi AG, Freitas C, Magalhães MHCG. Prevalence of numeric anomalies in the permanent dentition of patients with Down syndrome. Spec Care Dentist. 2001; 21: 75-8.
Fiske J, Shafik HH. Down’s syndrome and oral care. Dent Update. 2001; 28: 148-56.
Oliveira ACB, Ramos-Jorge ML, Paiva SM. Aspectos relevantes a abordagem odontológica da criança com síndrome de Down. Rev CROMG. 2001; 7: 36-42.
Vázquez CR, Garcillan MR, Rioboo R, Bratos E. Prevalence of dental caries in an adult population with mental disabilities in Spain. Spec Care Dentist. 2002; 22: 65-9.
Lee SR, Kwon HK, Song KB, Choi YH. Dental caries and salivary immunoglobulin A in Down syndrome children. J Paediatric Child Health. 2004; 40: 530-3.
Fung K, Allison P. A comparison of caries rates in noninstitutionalized individuals with and without Down syndrome. Spec Care Dentist. 2005; 25: 302-10.
Brown RH, Cunningham WM. Some dental manifestations of Mongolism. Oral Med. 1961; 14: 664-76.
Creighton WE, Wells HB. Dental caries experience in Institutionalized mongoloid and nonmongoloid children in North Carolina and Oregon. J Dent Res. 1966; 45: 66-75.
Cohen MM, Arvystas MG, Baum BJ. Occlusal disharmonies in trissomy G (Down’s syndrome, mongolism). Am J Orthod. 1970; 58: 367-72.
McMillan RS, Kashgarian M. Realtion of human abnormalities of structure and function to abnormalities of the dentition. J Am Dent Assoc. 1961; 73: 368-73.
Barnett ML, Press KP, Friedman D, Sonnenberg EM. The prevalence of periodontitis and dental caries in a Down’s syndrome population. J Periodontol. 1986; 57: 288-93.
Ulseth JO, Hestnes A, Stovner LJ, Storhaug K. Dental caries and periodontitis in persons with Down syndrome. Spec Care Dentist. 1991; 11: 71-3.
Moraes MEL, Bastos MS, Moraes LC, Rocha JC. Prevalência de cárie pelo índice CPO-D em portadores de síndrome de Down. PGR: Pós-Grad Rev Odontol. 2002; 5: 64-73.
Jorge AOC. Microbiologia bucal. 2.ed. São Paulo: Santos; 1998. 122 p.
Krasse B. Biological factors as indicators of future caries. Int Dent J. 1988; 38: 219-25.
Bentley SA. Alternatives to the neutrophil band count. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1988; 112: 883-4.
Van Palenstein Helderman WH, Ijsseldijk M, Huis In ‘T Veld JH. A selective medium for the two major subgroups of the bacterium Streptococcus mutans isolated from human dental plaque and saliva. Arch Oral Biol. 1983; 28: 599-603.
Davey AL, Rogers AH. Multiple types of the bacterium Streptococcus mutans in the human mouth and their intrafamily transmission. Arch Oral Biol. 1984; 29: 453-60.
Azevedo RVP. O emprego da bacteriocinotipagem (mutacinotipagem) no rastreamento epidemiológico de estreptococos do “grupo mutans” [tese]. São Paulo: Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo; 1988. 110f.
Torres SA. Avaliação do agar SB 20 e MSB na contagem de estreptococos do grupo mutans na saliva e na placa dental de adolescentes [tese]. Araraquara: Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Araraquara, Universidade Estadual Paulista; 1991. 124p.
Bradley C, McAlister T. The oral health of children with Down syndrome in Ireland. Spec Care Dentist. 2004; 24: 55-60.
Rodrigues MJ, Lima KTF, Carvalho MH, Farias TP. Estudo para avaliar a influencia dos hábitos alimentares e de higiene bucal no ceo e CPO-D em pacientes com deficiência mental e síndrome de Down. Rev Fac Odont Pernambuco. 1997; 15: 25- 30.
Yarat A, Akyüz S, Koç L, Erdem H, Emekli N. Salivary sialic acid, protein, salivary flow rate, pH, buffering capacity and caries índices in subjects with Down’s syndrome. J Dent. 1999; 27: 115-8.
Chaushu S, Becker A, Chaushu G, Shapira J. Stimulated parotid salivary flow rate in patients with Down syndrome. Spec Care Dentist. 2002; 22: 41-4.
Siqueira WL JR, Nicolau J. Stimulated whole saliva components in children with Down syndrome. Spec Care Dentist. 2002; 22: 226-30.
Siqueira WL, Bermejo PR, Mustacchi Z, Nicolau J. Buffer capacity, pH and flow rate in saliva of children aged 2 to 60 months with Down syndrome. Clin Oral Invest. 2005; 9: 26-9.
Thystrup A, Fejerskov O. Testes para determinar o risco de cárie dentária. In: Cariologia clínica. 2.ed. São Paulo: Santos; 1995. cap.16, p.333-53.
Shapira J, Stabholz A. A comprehensive 30-month preventive dental health program in a pre-adolescent population with Down’s syndrome: a longitudinal study. Spec Care Dentist. 1996; 16: 33-7.
Stabholz A, Mann J, Sela M, Schurr D, Steinberg D, Shapira J. Caries experience, periodontal treatment needs, salivary pH, and Streptococcus mutans counts in a preadolescent Down syndrome population. Spec Care Dentist. 1991; 11: 203-8.
Morinushi T, Lopatin DE, Tanaka H. The relationship between dental caries in the primary dentition and anti S. mutans serum antibodies in children with Down’s syndrome. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 1995; 19: 279-84.
Cornejo LS, et al. Bucodental health condition in patients with Down syndrome of Cordoba City, Argentina. Acta Odont Latinoamer. 1996; 9: 65-79.
Jordan HV, Keyes PH. “In vitro” methods for the study of plaque formation and carious lesions. Arch Oral Biol. 1966; 11: 793-801.
The Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences uses the Creative Commons license (CC), thus preserving the integrity of the articles in an open access environment.
Downloads
