Banner Portal
The effect of different mouth washes and text messages reminder in the oral health of orthodontic patients
PDF

Keywords

Aloe
Cetylpyridinium
Hydrocarbons, chlorinated
Text messaging

How to Cite

1.
Yaseen SN, Qasim AA, Al-Khatib AR. The effect of different mouth washes and text messages reminder in the oral health of orthodontic patients. Braz. J. Oral Sci. [Internet]. 2020 Aug. 7 [cited 2024 Apr. 26];19:e208189. Available from: https://periodicos.sbu.unicamp.br/ojs/index.php/bjos/article/view/8658189

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different mouth washes and to study the effect of text message reminder on the oral health status of orthodontic patients treated with fixed appliances. Methods: This study was a clinical trial with pre-test and post-test control group design, conducted on 24 patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment aged 15-30 years. The patients randomly divided into two groups; one received a weekly telephone text massage reminder for the instructions of brushing and rinsing while the second group did not receive any messages. Ortho-plaque index and gingival index were used to evaluate the patient’s oral hygiene status. The reading indices after brushing only were regarded as a control, then the patients were instructed to use two mouth washes, one containing sodium fluoride with cetylpyridinium chloride, the second containing chlorhexidine digluconate with cetylpyridinium chloride and Aloe Vera. Each one was used routinely for 4 weeks with the same amount and method. The washout period between the two types mouth washes was 4 weeks with a standardized toothbrush and paste. Results: Ortho-plaque index values decreased over the time between first, second and third visits. However, this index raised up at the fourth visit and again dropdown at the fifth visit. Similar results were detected for gingival index. Also, significant interaction between messages and the assessments was recorded for gingival index with a significant difference between the group of text messages and without text messages group (p<0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the combination of sodium fluoride with cetylpyridinium chloride was more potent for plaque control, while chlorhexidine digluconate with cetylpyridinium chloride and Aloe Vera combination showed a better gingival improvement. Moreover, the text messages reminder could enhance, but not replace direct oral hygiene instruction in orthodontic patients.

https://doi.org/10.20396/bjos.v19i0.8658189
PDF

References

- Alogaibi YA, Murshid ZA, Alsulimani FF, Linjawi AI, Almotairi M, Alghamdi M, et al. Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs among young adults in Jeddah city. J Orthod Sci. 2020 Feb 12;9:3. doi: 10.4103/jos.JOS_44_19.

- Jasser RN. The effect of overbite and overjet on clinical parameters of periodontal disease: a case control study. Saudi Dent J. 2020 Feb 19. doi: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2020.02.002

- Kolawole KA, Folayan MO. Association between malocclusion, caries and oral hygiene in children 6 to 12 years old resident in suburban Nigeria. BMC Oral Health. 2019 Nov 27;19(1):262. doi: 10.1186/s12903-019-0959-2.

- Teles RP, Teles FR. Antimicrobial agents used in the control of periodontal biofilms: effective adjuncts to mechanical plaque control?. Braz Oral Res. 2009;23 Suppl 1:39-48. doi: 10.1590/s1806-83242009000500007.

- Beyth N, Redlich M, Harari D, Friedman M, Steinberg D. Effect of sustained-release chlorhexidine varnish on Streptococcus mutans and Actinomyces viscosus in orthodontic patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2003 Mar;123(3):345-8. doi: 10.1067/mod.2003.19.

- Laing E, Ashley P, Gill D, Naini F. An update on oral hygiene products and techniques. Dent Update. 2008 May;35(4):270-9. doi: 10.12968/denu.2008.35.4.270.

- Sajjan P, Laxminarayan N, Kar PP, Sajjanar M. Chlorhexidine as an antimicrobial agent in dentistry–a review. Oral Health Dent Manag. 2016;15(2):93-100.

- Tiwari BS, Ankola AV, Sankeshwari RM, Patil P, Kashyap BR, Bolmal UB. Comparison of effectiveness for Stevia rebaudiana and chlorhexidine mouthrinses on plaque and gingival scores among 12–15-year-old government school children in Belagavi City–A randomized controlled trail. Indian J Health Sci Biomed Res (KLEU). 2020 Jan;13(1):32. doi: 10.4103/kleuhsj.kleuhsj_235_18.

- Akihiro Yoshihara DD, Sakuma PS, Kobayashi PS, Miyazaki PH. Antimicrobial effect of fluoride mouthrinse on mutans streptococci and lactobacilli in saliva. Pediatr Dent. 2001 Mar-Apr;23(2):113-7.

- Charugundla BR, Anjum S, Mocherla M. Comparative effect of fluoride, essential oil and chlorhexidine mouth rinses on dental plaque and gingivitis in patients with and without dental caries: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Dent Hyg. 2015 May;13(2):104-9. doi: 10.1111/idh.12094.

- Asadoorian J, Williams KB. Cetylpyridinium chloride mouth rinse on gingivitis and plaque. Am Dent Hyg Assoc. 2008 Oct 1;82(5):42-6.

- Witt J, Ramji N, Gibb R, Dunavent J, Flood J, Barnes J. Antibacterial and antiplaque effects of a novel, alcohol-free oral rinse with cetylpyridinium chloride. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2005 Feb;6(1):1-9.

- Ghiraldini B, Furushima ET, Casarin RC, Villalpando KT, Pimentel SP, Cirano FR. Effect of cetylpyridinium chloride with xylitol on the formation of biofilm and development of gingivitis. Braz J Oral Sci. 2012 Sep;11(3):392-5. doi: 10.20396/bjos.v11i3.8641379.

- Maharani DA, Ramadhani A, Adiatman M, Wimardhani YS, Kusdhany L, Rahardjo A, et al.. Efficacy of mouth rinse formulation based on cetylpyridinium chloride 0.1% in the control of dental calculus buildup. Int J App Pharm. 2017 Oct;9:176-80. doi: 10.22159/ijap.2017.v9s1.84_91.

- Ajmera N, Chatterjee A, Goyal V. Aloe vera: It's effect on gingivitis. J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2013 Jul;17(4):435-8. doi: 10.4103/0972-124X.118312.

- Nair GR, Naidu GS, Jain S, Nagi R, Makkad RS, Jha A. Clinical effectiveness of aloe vera in the management of oral mucosal diseases-a systematic review. Journal of clinical and diagnostic research: J Clin Diagn Res. 2016 Aug;10(8):ZE01-7. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2016/18142.8222.

- Vangipuram S, Jha A, Bhashyam M. Comparative efficacy of aloe vera mouthwash and chlorhexidine on periodontal health: A randomized controlled trial. J Clin Exp Dent. 2016 Oct 1;8(4):e442-7. doi: 10.4317/jced.53033.

- Farid Ayad BD, Prado R, Dentales DE, Mateo LR, Stewart B, BSEng MG, et al. A comparative investigation to evaluate the clinical efficacy of an alcohol-free CPC-containing mouthwash as compared to a control mouthwash in controlling dental plaque and gingivitis: a six-month clinical study on adults in San Jose, Costa Rica. J Clin Dent. 2011;22(6):204-12.

- Calvo-Guirado JL, Fernández Domínguez M, Aragoneses JM, Martínez González JM, Fernández-Boderau E, Garcés-Villalá MA, et al. Evaluation of new seawater-based mouth rinse versus chlorhexidine 0.2% reducing plaque and gingivitis indexes. a randomized controlled pilot study. App Sc. 2020 Jan;10(3):982. doi: 10.3390/app10030982.

- Zhao H, Xie Y, Meng H. [Effect of fixed appliance on periodontal status of patients with malocclusion]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2000 Jul;35(4):286-8. Chinese.

- Eppright M, Shroff B, Best AM, Barcoma E, Lindauer SJ. Influence of active reminders on oral hygiene compliance in orthodontic patients. Angle Orthod. 2014 Mar;84(2):208-13. doi: 10.2319/062813-481.1.

- Brent Bowen T, Rinchuse DJ, Zullo T, DeMaria ME. The influence of text messaging on oral hygiene effectiveness. Angle Orthod. 2015 Jul;85(4):543-8. doi: 10.2319/071514-495.1.

- Iqbal J, Awan R, Parvez MA, ul Haq A, Gardezi AA, Irfan S. Effectiveness of text message instructions on oral hygiene for orthodontic patients. Pakistan Oral Dent J. 2017 Jun 30;37(2):278-82.

- Scheerman JF, van Meijel B, van Empelen P, Verrips GH, van Loveren C, Twisk JW, et al. The effect of using a mobile application (“WhiteTeeth”) on improving oral hygiene: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Dent Hyg. 2020 Feb;18(1):73-83. doi: 10.1111/idh.12415.

- Pham TA, Nguyen NT, Ngo LT. Comparative effect of chlorhexidine and anti-calculus mouthrinse on dental plaque, gingival inflammation and calculus formation on plaque induced gingivitis patients. BEMS Reports. 2017;3(1):1-5. doi: 10.5530/bems.3.1.1.

- Heintze SD, Jost-Brinkmann PG, Finke C, Miethke RR.Oral health for the orthodontic patient. Chicago: Quintessence; 1999. p.67-70.

- Smith RN, Brook AH, Elcock C. The quantification of dental plaque using an image analysis system: reliability and validation. J Clin Periodontol. 2001 Dec;28(12):1158-62. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-051x.2001.281211.x.

- Al-Anezi SA, Harradine NW. Quantifying plaque during orthodontic treatment: a systematic review. Angle Orthod. 2012 Jul;82(4):748-53. doi: 10.2319/050111-312.1.

- Ticha R, Bohmova H. Influence of fixed orthodontic appliance on the level of patient’s oral hygiene. Orthodoncie. 2005;14(4):29-34.

- Löe H, Silness J. Periodontal disease in pregnancy I. Prevalence and severity. Acta Odontol Scand. 1963 Dec;21:533-51. doi: 10.3109/00016356309011240.

- Kumar GS, Kashyap A, Raghav S, Bhardwaj R, Singh A, Guram G. Role of text message reminder on oral hygiene maintenance of orthodontic patients. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2018 Jan 1;19(1):98-101. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2219.

- Li X, Xu ZR, Tang N, Ye C, Zhu XL, Zhou T, Zhao ZH. Effect of intervention using a messaging app on compliance and duration of treatment in orthodontic patients. Clin Oral Invest. 2016 Nov;20(8):1849-1859. doi: 10.1007/s00784-015-1662-6.

- Wang SY, Yang YH, Chang HP. The effect of an oral hygiene instruction intervention on plaque control by orthodontic patients. J Dent Sci. 2007;2(1):45-51.

- Pahwa N, Kumar A, Gupta S. Short term clinical effectiveness of a 0.07% cetylpyridinium chloride mouth rinse in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic appliance treatment. Saudi Dent J. 2011 Jul;23(3):135-41. doi: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2011.03.001.

- Wiraja VV, Hambali TS, Lambri SE. The comparison of 0.05% sodium fluoride and 0.2% chlorhexidine usage and aquadest to the plaque index on fixed orthodontic patients. Padjadjaran J Dent. 2007;18(1):20-7.

- Chauhan P, Dua VS, Kainth N, Tosh A, Tomar A. The effect of various oral hygiene products on the microbial flora in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. APOS Trends Orthod. 2015 Mar;5(2):63-9. doi: 10.4103/2321-1407.152055.

- Teng F, He T, Huang S, Bo CP, Li Z, Chang JL, et al. Cetylpyridinium chloride mouth rinses alleviate experimental gingivitis by inhibiting dental plaque maturation. Int J Oral Sci. 2016 Sep 29;8(3):182-90. doi: 10.1038/ijos.2016.18.

- Al‐Maweri SA, Nassani MZ, Alaizari N, Kalakonda B, Al‐Shamiri HM, Alhajj MN, et al. Efficacy of aloe vera mouthwash versus chlorhexidine on plaque and gingivitis: a systematic review. Int J Dent Hyg. 2020 Feb;18(1):44-51. doi: 10.1111/idh.12393.

- Karim B, Bhaskar DJ, Agali C, Gupta D, Gupta RK, Jain A, et al. Effect of Aloe vera Mouthwash on Periodontal Health: Triple Blind Randomized Control Trial. Oral Health Dent Manag. 2014 Mar;13(1):14-9.

- Dehghani M, Abtahi M, Sadeghian H, Shafaee H, Tanbakuchi B. Combined chlorhexidine-sodiumfluoride mouthrinse for orthodontic patients: clinical and microbiological study. J Clin Exp Dent. 2015 Dec 1;7(5):e569-75. doi: 10.4317/jced.51979.

- B Aggarwal B, Prasad S, Reuter S, Kannappan R, Yadav VR, Park B, et al. Identification of novel anti-inflammatory agents from Ayurvedic medicine for prevention of chronic diseases: “reverse pharmacology” and “bedside to bench” approach. Curr Drug Targets. 2011 Oct;12(11):1595-653. doi: 10.2174/138945011798109464.

- Haps S, Slot DE, Berchier CE, Van der Weijden GA. The effect of cetylpyridinium chloride‐containing mouth rinses as adjuncts to toothbrushing on plaque and parameters of gingival inflammation: a systematic review. Int J Dent Hyg. 2008 Nov;6(4):290-303. doi: 10.1111/j.1601-5037.2008.00344.x.

The Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences uses the Creative Commons license (CC), thus preserving the integrity of the articles in an open access environment.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.