Abstract
Aim: In recent years, great advances have been made in the use of CAD/CAM to prepare fixed restorations. The marginal and internal fit of these restorations is a principal determinant for their clinical success. In addition, the nature of the oral environment affects the mechanical properties of these restorations. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of aging process under conditions that simulate the oral environment on the marginal adaptation, and, fracture resistance of crowns fabricated from polyether ether ketone (PEEK) using CAD/CAM methods. Methods: Twenty identical crown restorations were fabricated by using CAD/CAM methods to mill polyether ether ketone (PEEK) material. These crowns were produced by using a software design of an epoxy resin replica of the prepared maxillary first premolar tooth. All PEEK crowns were cemented and randomly divided into two equal groups (A, B). Each group was divided into subgroups (A1, A2 and B1, B2). Group A1 and A2 were used to measure marginal adaptation and fracture resistance, respectively, before aging, while group (B1 and B2) were measured after aging. The cemented crowns were mounted in resin molds to facilitate the sectioning process. The measurements of the marginal gap were performed after sectioning at four points using a stereomicroscope. The fracture resistance of the crowns was investigated using a universal testing machine. A statistical analysis was performed using the GraphPad Prism® software version and unpaired Student’s t-test. Results: The results revealed that aging affected the marginal gap, and the fracture resistance of the PEEK crowns. While aging, negatively affected the conditions under investigation, however the least significant difference of marginal gap was found in the margin region. Conclusions: PEEK-CAD/CAM is considered as a good alternative prosthodontic material for fixed prostheses. The CAD/CAM technique used to make PEEK crown restorations in our study offers the advantages of high marginal accuracy and fracture resistance for long-term performance in the oral environment.
References
Son K, Lee S, Kang SH, Park J, Lee KB, Jeon M, et al. A Comparison Study of Marginal and Internal Fit Assessment Methods for Fixed Dental Prostheses. J Clin Med. 2019 Jun;8(6):785. doi: 10.3390/jcm8060785.
Son K, Lee K-B. Marginal and Internal Fit of Ceramic Prostheses Fabricated from Different Chairside CAD/CAM Systems: An In Vitro Study. Applied Sciences. 2021;11(2):857. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11020857.
Al Omar NEM, Idris KIA, Alaqi HAA, Juraybi AYA, Jain S. PEEK” - ING into the future! a literature review on use of PEEK polymer in prosthodontics. Saudi J Oral Dent Res.2021;6(1):29-33. doi: 10.36348/sjodr.2021.v06i01.005.
Bathala L, Majeti V, Rachuri N, Singh N, Gedela S. The Role of Polyether Ether Ketone (Peek) in Dentistry - A Review. J Med Life. 2019 Jan-Mar;12(1):5-9. doi: 10.25122/jml-2019-0003.
Papathanasiou I, Kamposiora P, Papavasiliou G, Ferrari M. The use of PEEK in digital prosthodontics: A narrative review. BMC Oral Health. 2020 Aug;20(1):217. doi: 10.1186/s12903-020-01202-7.
Akay C, Ersöz MB. PEEK in dentistry, properties and application areas. Int Dent Res. 2020;10(2):60-5. doi: 10.5577/intdentres.2020.vol10.no2.6.
Ibrahim RO, Al-Zahawi AR, Sabri LA. Mechanical and thermal stress evaluation of PEEK prefabricated post with different head design in endodontically treated tooth: 3D-finite element analysis. Dent Mater J. 2021 Mar;40(2):508-18. doi: 10.4012/dmj.2020-053.
Najeeb S, Zafar MS, Khurshid Z, Siddiqui F. Applications of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) in oral implantology and prosthodontics. J Prosthodont Res. 2016 Jan;60(1):12-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jpor.2015.10.001.
Song CH, Choi JW, Jeon YC, Jeong CM, Lee SH, Kang ES, et al. Comparison of the Microtensile Bond Strength of a Polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) Tooth Post Cemented with Various Surface Treatments and Various Resin Cements. Materials (Basel). 2018 May;11(6):916. doi: 10.3390/ma11060916.
Ayesha N, Ali SMS, Shastry YM, Reddy KM. A comparative assessment of bond strength of PEEK crowns to natural teeth with two different resin cements. Int J Dent Med. 2020 Aug;6(1):7-12. doi: 10.11648/j.ijdm.20200601.12.
Vojdani M, Torabi K, Farjood E, Khaledi A. Comparison the Marginal and Internal Fit of Metal Copings Cast from Wax Patterns Fabricated by CAD/CAM and Conventional Wax up Techniques. J Dent (Shiraz). 2013 Sep;14(3):118-29.
Lövgren N, Roxner R, Klemendz S, Larsson C. Effect of production method on surface roughness, marginal and internal fit, and retention of cobalt-chromium single crowns. J Prosthet Dent. 2017 Jul;118(1):95-101. doi: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2016.09.025.
Das G, Rana MH, Khan SA, Chaudhary MAG, Sibghatullah M, Kumar B. Assessment of fracture resistance of peek and fibre posts of the endodontically treated teeth. Mater Plast. 2022;59(1):207-13. doi: 10.37358/MP.22.1.5573.
Tekin S, Cangül S, Adıgüzel Ö, Değer Y. Areas for use of PEEK material in dentistry. Int Dent Res. 2018;8(2):84-92. doi: 10.5577/intdentres.2018.vol8.no2.6.
Zuskova L, Mortadi NAA, Williams RJ, Alzoubi KH, Khabour OF. Comparison of Overall Fit of Milled and Laser-Sintered CAD/CAM Crown Copings. Int J Dent. 2019 Jul; 2019:7310175. doi: 10.1155/2019/7310175.
Rosentritt M, Preis V, Behr M, Hahnel S. Influence of preparation, fitting, and cementation on the vitro performance and fracture resistance of CAD/CAM crowns. J Dent. 2017 Oct;65:70-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2017.07.006.
Hafezeqoran A, Koodaryan R, Hemmati Y, Akbarzadeh A. Effect of connector size and design on the fracture resistance of monolithic zirconia fixed dental prosthesis. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects. 2020;14(4):218-22. doi: 10.34172/joddd.2020.039.
Park JY, Bae SY, Lee JJ, Kim JH, Kim HY, Kim WC. Evaluation of the marginal and internal gaps of three different dental prostheses: comparison of the silicone replica technique and three-dimensional superimposition analysis. J Adv Prosthodont. 2017 Jun;9(3):159-69. doi: 10.4047/jap.2017.9.3.159.
Boitelle P, Tapie L, Mawussi B, Fromentin O. Evaluation of the marginal fit of CAD-CAM zirconia copings: Comparison of 2D and 3D measurement methods. J Prosthet Dent. 2018 Jan;119(1):75-81. doi: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2017.01.026.
Zeller S, Guichet D, Kontogiorgos E, Nagy WW. Accuracy of three digital workflows for implant abutment and crown fabrication using a digital measuring technique. J Prosthet Dent. 2019 Feb;121(2):276-84. doi: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.04.026.
Souza RO, Özcan M, Pavanelli CA, Buso L, Lombardo GH, Michida SM, et al. Marginal and internal discrepancies related to margin design of ceramic crowns fabricated by a CAD/CAM system. J Prosthodont. 2012 Feb;21(2):94-100. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-849X.2011.00793.x.
Son K, Lee S, Kang SH, Park J, Lee KB, Jeon M, et al. A Comparison Study of Marginal and Internal Fit Assessment Methods for Fixed Dental Prostheses. J Clin Med. 2019 Jun;8(6):785. doi: 10.3390/jcm8060785.
Vilde T, Stewart CA, Finer Y. Simulating the Intraoral Aging of Dental Bonding Agents: A Narrative Review. Dent J (Basel). 2022 Jan;10(1):13. doi: 10.3390/dj10010013.
Monteiro RV, Dos Santos DM, Bernardon JK, De Souza GM. Effect of surface treatment on the retention of zirconia crowns to tooth structure after aging. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2020 Oct;32(7):699-706. doi: 10.1111/jerd.12623.
ISO/TS 11405:2015. Dentistry – testing of adhesion to tooth structure. 3rd ed. Geneva, Switzerland; 2015. 12p.
Lümkemann N, Eichberger M, Stawarczyk B. Bonding to Different PEEK Compositions: The Impact of Dental Light Curing Units. Materials (Basel). 2017 Jan;10(1):67. doi: 10.3390/ma10010067.
Wimmer T, Huffmann AM, Eichberger M, Schmidlin PR, Stawarczyk B. Two-body wear rate of PEEK, CAD/CAM resin composite and PMMA: Effect of specimen geometries, antagonist materials and test set-up configuration. Dent Mater. 2016 Jun;32(6):e127-36. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2016.03.005.
Schwitalla AD, Spintig T, Kallage I, Müller WD. Flexural behavior of PEEK materials for dental application. Dent Mater. 2015 Nov;31(11):1377-84. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2015.08.151.
Stawarczyk B, Beuer F, Wimmer T, Jahn D, Sener B, Roos M, et al. Polyetheretherketone-a suitable material for fixed dental prostheses? J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2013 Oct;101(7):1209-16. doi: 10.1002/jbm.b.32932.
Elbieh AY, Othman HI, Haggag KM. Effect of cement Gap on the retention of zirconia crowns. Al-Azhar J Dent Sci. 2020;23(3):235-40. doi: 10.21608/ajdsm.2020.24992.1009.
Svanborg P, Hjalmarsson L. A systematic review on the accuracy of manufacturing techniques for cobalt chromium fixed dental prostheses. Biomater Investig Dent. 2020 Jan;7(1):31-40. doi: 10.1080/26415275.2020.1714445.
Sadr SM, Ahmadi E, Tabatabaei MH, Mohammadi S, Atri F. Comparison of internal fit of metal-ceramic crowns in CAD/CAM and lost-wax techniques in all fabrication stages through replica weighting, triple scanning, and scanning electron microscope. Clin Exp Dent Res. 2022 Jun;8(3):763-70. doi: 10.1002/cre2.529.
Gomes RS, Souza CMC, Bergamo ETP, Bordin D, Del Bel Cury AA. Misfit and fracture load of implant-supported monolithic crowns in zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate. J Appl Oral Sci. 2017 May-Jun;25(3):282-9. doi: 10.1590/1678-7757-2016-0233 .
Zoidis P, Bakiri E, Papathanasiou I, Zappi A. Modified PEEK as an alternative crown framework material for weak abutment teeth: a case report. Gen Dent. 2017 Sep-Oct;65(5):37-40 .
Zoidis P, Bakiri E, Polyzois G. Using modified polyetheretherketone (PEEK) as an alternative material for endocrown restorations: A short-term clinical report. J Prosthet Dent. 2017 Mar;117(3):335-9. doi: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2016.08.009.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2024 Afaf A Almabadi