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O objetivo deste trabalho é fazer um survey dos principais papers e argumentos que compõem o chamado “novo” consenso macroeconômico, a fim de elucidar o que alguns autores apresentam como uma nova etapa da História do Pensamento Econômico. Nesse caso, destacam-se os principais esforços na busca pela convergência entre as distintas teorias que suportam essa abordagem, bem como os principais autores que defendem ser essa convergência não só possível, mas desejável. Posteriormente, são sumarizados alguns insights da crítica heterodoxa, em especial, as de cunho póskeynesiano. Sendo assim, o trabalho amplia a discussão proposta, nesta revista, por Arestis e Sawyer (2008). Observa-se ainda que grande parte das críticas feitas a este novo consenso são as mesmas que permeiam o debate entre Keynes e os (neo) clássicos em meados da primeira metade do século XX. Por fim, as conclusões apontam no sentido de mostrar a necessidade de consolidar um construto teórico mais bem articulado para ambas as abordagens.
Abstract
This paper aims to survey the main contributions to the literature on the “new” consensus in macroeconomics in which the efforts for convergence among the distinct theories that support this approach are discussed. It also seemed appropriate to underscore the main authors who postulate such convergence. The resulting core for economic policies is then presented. Next, some insights on the heterodox critique are summarized. Emphasis was given to the post-Keynesian perspective. Thus, this paper amplifies the debate Arestis and Sawer (2008) proposed in an earlier issue of this journal. At this stage, the reader might find it clear that the critiques are the same as those which governed the debate among Keynes and the classics in the first half of the twentieth century. Conclusions indicate that more research is necessary in this area and that, at both sides of the debate, it is important to summarize the arguments in a coherent fashion in order to consolidate a theoretical framework.
Keywords: Consensus in macroeconomics. Heterodox critique Economic policy.
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