Abstract
This paper presents estimates for the impact of university-industry (U-I) relationship in the quantity and quality of academic output. We estimate a panel data model with information from 316 researchers in Exact and Earth Sciences, collected in the Directory of Research Groups of the CNPq, the Lattes Platform and the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) for the period 2001 to 2006. We found that, on average, scientists who practice (U-I) relationship are more productive than those who do not. However, the results suggest that the (U-I) relationship may not have positive effect or even have a negative impact on the numbers of articles published, when estimated a fixed-effects model. Qualitatively, the evidence indicates that the U-I relationship has no effect on the scientific productivity measured by the impact factor (IFPA) of the researchers. The peak productivity for the researchers listed in the sample is around 30 years after obtaining PhD. In addition to non-observable components, such variables as gender, number of doctoral students and institutional affiliation were also important in explaining differences in the quantity and quality of articles published in the period.References
ALLISON, P.; STEWART, J. Productivity differences among scientists: evidence for accumulative advantage. American Sociological Review,v. 39, p.596-606, Aug. 1974.
ALLISON, P.; LONG, J.; KRAUZE, K. Cumulative advantage and inequality in science. American Sociological Review, v. 47, p. 615-25 Out. 1982.
BECKER, G. Investment in human capital: a theoretical analysis. Journal of Political Economy. v. 70, n. 5, p. 9-49, 1962.
BRITO CRUZ, C. A universidade, a empresa e a pesquisa que o país precisa. Política e Organização da Inovação Tecnológica, v. 8, p. 5-30, 2000.
CAMERON, C.; TRIVEDI, P. Microeconometrics using Stata. Texas: Stata Press, 2009.
CARAYOL, N.; MATT, M. Does research organization influence academic production? Laboratory level evidence from a large European university. Research Policy, v. 33, p. 1081- 1102, Jul. 2004.
COLE, J. R.; COLE, S. Social stratification in science. American Journal of Physics, v. 42, n. 10, p.923-924 Out. 1974.
COLE, S. Age and scientific performance. American Journal of Sociology. v. 84, n. 4, p. 958-977, Jan. 1979.
FOX, M. Publication productivity among scientists: a critical review. Social Studies of Science. Londres, v.13, n.2, p. 285-305, May 1983.
FOX, M. Research, teaching, and publication productivity: mutuality versus competition in Academia. Sociology of Education, v. 65, n. 4, p. 293-305, Out. 1992.
GONZALEZ-BRAMBILA, C.; VELOSO, F. M. The determinants of research output and impact: a study of mexican research. Research Policy, v. 36, n. 7, p. 1035-1051 Set. 2007.
GULBRANDSEN, M.; SMEBY, J. Industry funding and university professors’ research performance. Research Policy. Amsterdam, v. 34 p. 932-50 2005.
HANSEN, W.; WEISBROD, B.; STRAUSS, R. Modeling the Earnings and Research Productivity of Academic Economists. Journal of Political Economy, vol. 86, p. 729-41 1978.
HAUSMAN, J.; BRONWYN, H.; GRILICHES, Z. Econometric Models for Count Data with an Application to the Patents-R & D Relationship. Econometrica, v. 52, p. 909-38, 1984.
LETA, J.; BRITO CRUZ, C. A produção científica Brasileira. In: VIOTTI, E. B.; MACEDO, M. M. (Orgs.). Indicadores de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação no Brasil. Campinas: Editora da Unicamp, 2003.
LEVIN, S.; STEPHAN, P. Research productivity over the life cycle: evidence for academic scientists. The American Economic Review, v. 81, n. 1, p. 114-132, mar. 1991.
LONG, J. Productivity and academic position in the scientific career. American Sociological Review, v. 43, n. 6, p. 889-908, Dec. 1978.
LONG, J. Measures of sex differences in scientific productivity. Social Forces, v. 71, n. 1, p. 159-178, Sep. 1992.
LOTKA, A. The frequency distribution of scientific productivity. Journal of the Washington Academy of Science, v. 5, n. 16, Jun. 1926.
LOWE, R. A.; GONZALEZ-BRAMBILA, C. Faculty entrepreneurs and research productivity. The Journal of Technology Transfer, v. 32, n. 3, p. 173-194, Jun. 2007.
MACHADO, A.; ANDRADE, M.; ALBUQUERQUE, E. Atraso tecnológico, atraso social: uma investigação sobre as relações de produção científico-tecnológica e desenvolvimento humano no Brasil. Belo Horizonte: Cedeplar/Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2003 (Textos para discussão, 197).
MERTON, R. The Matthew Effect in science. Science, v. 159, n. 3810, p. 56-63, Jan. 1968.
MOWERY, D.; SAMPAT, B. The Bayh-Dole Act of 1980 and university-industry technology transfer: a model for other OECD governments? Journal of Technology Transfer, v. 30, p. 115-127, 2005.
RAPINI, M. Interação universidade-empresa no Brasil: evidências do Diretório dos Grupos de Pesquisa do CNPq. Estudos Econômicos, v. 37, n. 1, p. 211-233, jan. 2007.
SOMBATSOMPOP, N.; MARKPIN, T. Making an equality of ISI impact factors for different subject fields. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, v. 56, n. 7, p. 676-683, Jan. 2005.
STEPHAN, P. The economics of science. Journal of Economic Literature, v. 34, n. 3, p. 1199-1235, Sep. 1996.
SUZIGAN, W.; ALBUQUERQUE, E. A interação entre universidades e empresas em perspectiva histórica no Brasil. Belo Horizonte: Cedeplar/ Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais – UFMG, 2008 (Texto para discussão, 329).
THURSBY, J.; THURSBY, M. Who is selling the Ivory Tower? Sources of growth in university licensing. NBER, 2000 (Working paper, 7718).
THURSBY, M.; THURSBY, J.; GUPTA-MUKHERJEE, S. Are there real effects of licensing on academic research? A life cycle view. NBER, 2005 (Working paper, 11497).
TURNER, L.; MAIRESSE, J. Individual productivity differences in public research: how important are non-individual determinants? An econometric study of french physicist’s publications (1986-1997). Paris-1 Univ., maio 2002 (Texto para discussão).
VAN LOOY, B.; RANGA, M. CALLAERT, J.; DEBACKERE, K.; ZIMMERMANN, E. Combining entrepreneurial and scientific performance in academia: towards a compounded and reciprocal Matthew-effect? Research Policy. Amsterdam, vol. 33,p. 425-41, 2004.
VAN LOOY, B.; CALLAERT, J.; DEBACKERE, K. Publication and patent behavior of academic researchers: conflicting, reinforcing or merely co-existing? Research Policy, v. 35, p. 596-608, 2006.
VELLOSO, J. Universidade na América Latina: rumos do financiamento. Cadernos de Pesquisa, N. 110, p. 39-66, jul. 2000.
XIE, Y.; SHAUMAN, K. Sex evidences in research productivity: new evidences about an old puzzle. American Sociological Review, v. 63, n. 6, p.847-870, Dec. 1998.
WOOLDRIDGE, J. Introductory econometrics. 2 ed. South-Western, 2003.
The content of the articles and reviews published in RBI are of absolute and exclusive responsibility of their authors.
Downloads
