Resumen
En el período 2000-2008, que abarca el análisis de este trabajo, mientras que el crecimiento promedio del PIB real en Brasil fue de 3,7% anual, la productividad laboral en la industria manufacturera tuvo una variación negativa de 1,0% anual. En Brasil, ha sido un “cliché” evaluar las tasas relativamente bajas de crecimiento económico en el período como resultado del bajo crecimiento de la productividad laboral en las últimas décadas. Sin embargo, bajo la ley de Kaldor-Verdoorn, lo contrario también podría ser cierto: las bajas tasas de crecimiento de la productividad laboral de Brasil podrían ser el resultado de bajas tasas de crecimiento del PIB real. Con base en los supuestos de Kaldor, realizamos una regresión de la tasa de crecimiento de la productividad laboral de 21 industrias manufactureras contra tres variables principales: el PIB real (que captura la ley de Kaldor-Verdoorn), la tasa de inversión y un proxy de la innovación tecnológica. Nuestros resultados confirmaron la validez de la ley de Kaldor-Verdoorn, ya que el crecimiento del PIB real fue la variable más significativa para explicar el comportamiento de la productividad laboral en la industria manufacturera brasileña en la década de 2000, seguida de la tasa de inversión bruta.
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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Derechos de autor 2018 André Nassif, Carmem Feijó, Eliane Araujo
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