Keywords
Bombyx
Fibroins
Nanoparticles
Shear strength
Metrica
How to Cite
Funding data
Abstract
Glass ionomer cement (GIC) is a widely used material in Dentistry that has some limitations. Silk fibroin (SF) is a natural polymer with potential benefits. Thus, this study has incorporated SF into two GICs. Aims: Evaluate the influence of this modification on shear bond strength (SBS) and characterize the materials with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Methods: Two types of GICs, Maxxion R (M) and Ketac Molar (KM), were used. For each GIC, four formulations were prepared: a control (0% SF) and three experimental concentrations (1%, 3%, and 5% SF nanoparticles). A total of 160 bovine tooth specimens were prepared for SBS analysis, with 20 specimens allocated to each of the 8 experimental groups (2 GIC types x 4 SF concentrations). Subsequently, each group was subdivided into two subgroups of 10 specimens each: one subjected to thermocycling and the other serving as a non-thermocycled control. Additionally, 8 specimens (one from each GIC/SF concentration group) were prepared for SEM analysis. Results were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test, followed by two-way ANOVA and Duncan’s complementary test, at a significance level of 5%. Results: Concentrations showed statistically significant differences after thermocycling (p = 0.01) for M, revealing an increase in SBS (G1M = 0.69±0.18; G2M = 1.95±0.17; G3M = 1.96±0.17; G4M = 1.54±0.15). KM showed SBS values significantly higher with the addition of SF, with no differences between concentrations (p = 0.001) (G1KM = 1.19±0.21; G2KM = 4.47±0.75; G3KM = 4.31±0.68; G4KM = 3.62±0.54). SEM analysis revealed an increase in cracks with higher concentrations of SF. Conclusions: Finally, the incorporation of 1% SF nanoparticles into GICs resulted in a significant increase in SBS, particularly following thermocycling.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Veridiana de Oliveira Mantovani, Nathalia de Sousa Faria, Mariane Gonçalves, Jeferson Aparecido Moreto, Maria Cristina Borsatto, Rodrigo Galo