Palabras clave
Determinantes
G20
Estudiantes internacionales
Cómo citar
Resumen
Objetivos: Este estudio tiene como objetivo medir el atractivo de un grupo de países para los estudiantes internacionales e identificar los principales determinantes del atractivo de un grupo de países para los estudiantes internacionales. Metodología: a partir de datos de países del G20, Europa y Asia proporcionados por Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura (UNESCO), entre 2009 y 2018 se estimó una ecuación de gravedad utilizando la técnica de Poisson Pseudo-Maximum Likelihood (PPML). Resultados: los resultados del trabajo indicaron que: i) los países con un Índice de Desarrollo Humano (IDH) alto, con políticas de atracción y los países de habla inglesa son los principales destinos de los inmigrantes-estudiantes; ii) países con un sistema de educación superior inclusivo, con política de atracción o con relaciones similares, colonias e idiomas son centros regionales de atracción de estudiantes internacionales y iii) inclusión socioeducativa, la existencia de una política de atracción y la reputación de el sistema nacional de educación superior son los principales componentes de la fuerza de atracción de estudiantes que ejercen los países. El análisis de una ecuación de gravedad estimada por la técnica PPML permite identificar los principales componentes de las fuerzas de atracción de estudiantes internacionales a los sistemas nacionales de educación superior. Conclusion: Además, el análisis ayuda a los investigadores y gestores, que ahora cuentan con nueva información sobre la internacionalización de la educación superior, en la toma de decisiones sobre el tema.
Citas
ABBOTT, Andrew; SILLES, Mary. Determinants of international student migration. World Economy, v. 39, n. 5, p. 621–635, 2016. Disponível em: https://bit.ly/3KepxBK. Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
ALTBACH, Philip G. The globalization of college and university rankings. Change: The Magazine of Higher Learning, v. 44, n. 1, p. 26–31, 2012. Disponível em: https://bit.ly/3MrPaBK. Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
BADRI, Masood et al. A structural equation model of determinants of the perceived impact of teachers’ professional development—the Abu Dhabi application. SAGE Open, v. 7, n. 2, 2017. Disponível em: https://bit.ly/3o0lhOE. Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
BARNETT, George A. et al. The flow of international students from a macro perspective: a network analysis. Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, v. 46, n. 4, p. 533–559, 3 jul. 2016. Disponível: https://bit.ly/3MuLqPY. Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
BECKER, Rosa; KOLSTER, Renze. International student recruitment: policies and developments in selected countries. Nuffic, Haia (Holanda), 2012. Disponível em: https://bit.ly/40UzzyZ. Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
BEINE, Michael; NOËL, Romain; RAGOT, Lionel. Determinants of The International Mobility of Students. Economics of Education Review, v. 41, n. 2014, p. 40–54, 2014. Disponível em: https://bit.ly/3ZUPBHY. Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
BESSEY, Donata. International Student Migration to Germany. Empirical Economics, v. 42, n. 1, p. 345–361, 2012.
BRETTELL, Caroline. B.; HOLLIFIELD, James F. (orgs.). Migration theory: talking across disciplines. 3 ed. Nova Iorque: Routledge, 2014. 356 p. ISBN 9781315814933.
CASTLES, Stephen; MILLER, Mark J. The age of migration: international population movements in the modern world. 4. ed. Hampshire: Macmillan Publishers Limited, 2009.
CHANKSELIANI, Maia. Four rationales of HE internationalization: perspectives of U.K. universities on attracting students from former soviet countries. Journal of Studies in International Education, v. 22, n. 1, p. 53–70, 2018.
CUBILLO, José M.; SÁNCHEZ, Joaquín; CERVIÑO, J. International students’ decision-making process. International Journal of Educational Management, v. 20, n. 2, p. 101–115, 2006.
CWRU, C. FOR W. U. R. The Center for World University Rankings (CWUR). Disponível em: https://cwur.org/. Acesso em: 23 dez. 2019.
CZAIKA, Mathias; PARSONS, Christopher R. The Gravity of High-Skilled Migration Policies. Demography, v. 54, n. 2, p. 603–630, 2017.
DE WIT, Hans. et al. Higher education in Latin America: the international dimension. Washington, DC: The World Bank, 2005. 420 p. ISBN 0821362097. Disponível em: https://bit.ly/41euUrk. Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
EFENDI, Ferry E. et al. Determinants of nursing students’ intention to migrate overseas to work and implications for sustainability: the case of Indonesian students. Nursing and Health Sciences, jul. 2020, p. 103–112, 2020.
EUROPEAN MIGRATION NETWORK. Immigration of International Students to the EU European Migration Network Study 2012. p. 70, set. 2012.
FRANÇA, Thais; ALVES, Elisa; PADILLA, Beatriz. Portuguese policies fostering international student mobility: a colonial legacy or a new strategy? Globalisation, Societies and Education, v. 16, n. 3, p. 325–338, 2018.
FRANCE, G. DE LA. A strategy for attracting international students. Paris: [s.n.]. Disponível em: https://bit.ly/3KnFR37. Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
GURU, Sunita; BHATT, Nityesh; AGRAWAL, Nishant. ranking the determinants for international education destination decision of Indian students: application of fuzzy analytical hierarchical process. Vision, p. 1–14, 2021.
HAWTHORNE, Lesleyanne. Attracting and Retaining International Students as Skilled Migrants. In: CZAIKA, Mathias. (ed.). High-skilled migration. 1 ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018. 416 p. ISBN 9780198815273.
KAUSHAL, Neeraj; LANATI, Mauro. International student mobility: growth and dispersion. National Bureau of Economic Research: Cambridge, jun. 2019. Disponível em: https://bit.ly/419QjSC. Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
KAZEMI, Ali et al. Contributing factors to migration growth among Iranian students: drivers of migration to Malaysia. Journal of International Migration and Integration, v. 19, n. 3, p. 757–770, 2018.
KING, Russell. Theories and typologies of migration: an overview and a primer. Willy Brandt Series of Working Papers in International Migration and Ethnic Relations, v. 3/12, p. 1–43, 2012. Disponível em: https://bit.ly/3UkYolk. Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
KNIGHT, Jane. An internationalization model: responding to new realities and. In: DE WIT, Hans. et al. (eds.). Higher education in Latin America: the international dimension. Washigton: The World Bank, 2005. 420 p. ISBN 0821362097. Disponível em: https://bit.ly/41euUrk. Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
KNIGHT, Jane. Student mobility and internationalization: trends and tribulations. Research in Comparative and International Education, v. 7, n. 1, p. 20–33, 2012. Disponível em: https://bit.ly/3MpvE93. Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
KNIGHT, Jane.; DE WIT, Hans. Strategies for internationalisation of higher education: historical and conceptual perspectives. In: The SAGE Handbook of International Higher Education. 1 ed. Amsterdã: SAGE, 1995. 456 p.
KOUBA, Karel. Balancing study abroad student inflows and outflows: an institutionalist perspective. Journal of Studies in International Education, v. 24, n. 4, p. 391–408, 2020.
KRITZ, Mary M.; GURAK, Douglas. T. International student mobility: sending country determinants and policies. CZAIKA, Mathias. (ed.). High-skilled migration. 1 ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018. 416 p. ISBN 9780198815273.
LAIFER, Natalie.; KITCHEN, Nicholas. Making soft power work: theory and practice in Australia’s international education policy. Politics & Policy, v. 45, n. 5, p. 813–840, 2017.
LEVATINO, Antonina. Transnational higher education and international student mobility: determinants and linkage. Higher Education, v. 73, n. 5, p. 637–653, 2017.
LOMER, Sylvie. Soft power as a policy rationale for international education in the UK: a critical analysis. Higher Education, v. 74, n. 4, p. 581–598, 2017.
LUCKHURST, Jonathan. The new G20 politics of global economic governance. International Organisations Research Journal, v. 15, n. 2, p. 42–59, 2020. Disponível em: https://bit.ly/3KkkSON. Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
MACRANDER, Ashley. Fractal inequality: a social network analysis of global and regional international student mobility. Research in Comparative and International Education, v. 12, n. 2, p. 243–268, 2017. Disponível em: https://bit.ly/41cs9H1. Acesso em: 20 ago 2022.
MARKS, Jonathan et al. The institutional determinants of internationalization: the cases of study abroad participation and international student enrollment. Journal of International Students, v. 8, n. 4, p. 1591–1612, 2018. Disponível em: https://bit.ly/3KLbYuU. Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
MKHOYAN, Anna. Soft power, Russia and the former Soviet states: a case study of Russian language and education in Armenia. International Journal of Cultural Policy, v. 23, n. 6, p. 690–704, 2017.
NADA, Cosmin I.; ARAÚJO, Helena C. ‘When you welcome students without borders, you need a mentality without borders’ internationalisation of higher education: evidence from Portugal. Studies in Higher Education, v. 44, n. 9, p. 1591-1604, 2019.
OECD. Attracting and retaining skilled migrants and international students in the Netherlands. In: Recruiting Immigrant Workers: The Netherlands 2016. Paris: OECD Publishing, 2016. 234 p. ISBN 9264259236.
PIRES, Roberto Rocha C. (org.). Implementando desigualdades: reprodução de desigualdades na implementação de políticas públicas. Rio de Janeiro: IPEA, 2019. 736 p. Disponível em: https://bit.ly/3UldSFK. Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
ROUHANI, Sepideh. Internationalisation of South African Higher Education in the Postapartheid Era. Journal of Studies in International Education, v. 11, n. 3, p. 470–485, 2007.
SÁ, Creso; SABZALIEVA, Emma. Public policy and the attraction of international students. Ontário: Centre for the Study of Canadian & International Higher Education (CIHE) 54 p. 2016. Disponível em: https://bit.ly/3Mr7bAf. Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
SANTOS-SILVA, João M. C.; TENREYRO, Silvana. The log of gravity revisited. The Review of Economics and Statistics, v. 88, n. 4, p. 641–658, 2006. Disponível em: https://bit.ly/40Xnmtq. Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
SIN, Cristina; ANTONOWICZ, Dominik; WIERS-JENSSEN, Jannecke. Attracting international students to semi-peripheral countries: a comparative study of Norway, Poland and Portugal. Higher Education Policy, p. 1–24, 2019.
SUTER, Brigitte; JANDL, Michael. Train and retain: national and regional policies to promote the settlement of foreign graduates in knowledge economies. Journal of International Migration and Integration, v. 9, n. 4, p. 401–418, 2008.
TIGAU, Camelia; BOLAÑOS GUERRA, Bernardo. Education premiums and skilled migration: lessons for an educational policy. Education Policy Analysis Archives, v. 23, n. 104, 2015. Disponível em: https://bit.ly/3nVyybo. Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
UNDP. Human development report 2016: Human development for everyone. Nova Iorque: United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), 2016. Disponível em: https://bit.ly/3ml4vti. Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
UNESCO. Institute for statistics. Disponível em: http://data.uis.unesco.org/Index.aspx. Acesso em: 19 ago. 2020.
VIEIRA, Edson. R.; LUCENA, Andréa F. de; QUEIROZ, Antônio M. Determinantes da demanda de turismo internacional do Brasil: uma análise gravitacional no período de 2000 a 2015. Revista de Economia do Nordeste, v. 50, n. 4, p. 97–114, 2019. Disponível em: https://bit.ly/3zNBZ6J. Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
WANG, Zizhen. Bonding and bridging social capital: the determinants of English language fluency and its effects on the labour market outcome of international students in Ireland. Economic and Social Review, v. 51, n. 1, p. 35–61, 2020. Disponível em: https://bit.ly/40Xa3t8. Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
WU, Hantian. Three dimensions of China’s “outward-oriented” higher education internationalization. Higher Education, v. 77, n. 1, p. 81–96, 2019.
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Derechos de autor 2023 Marcos Linhares Goes, Andrea Freire de Lucena, Edson Roberto Vieira
Descargas
