Resumen
Objetivo: Analizar la asociación entre la actividad física (AF) y el comportamiento sedentario (SB) con el riesgo cardiovascular (RCV) en adolescentes. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo, observacional, transversal invitados adolescentes de entre 10 y 17 años a participar en los proyectos "Deporte sin fronteras" y "Academia y fútbol”. Usamos el Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children y preguntas de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud Escolar para evaluar la AF y la SB, respectivamente. La RCV se definió mediante variables pragmáticas y no invasivas como la grasa corporal, la presión arterial y el consumo máximo de oxígeno. Resultados: La puntuación de AF se asoció inversamente con el VO2máx. inverso para varones y mujeres (respectivamente, r = -0,47; p = 0,0001 y r = -0,41; p = 0,0223) y con el RCV agrupado para varones (r = -0,38; p = 0,0026) en los análisis crudos, con ajuste por AF, edad y tiempo sentado, la correlación entre AF y VO2máx. inverso se mantuvo para varones y mujeres (respectivamente, r = -0,43; p= 0,0005 y r = -0,37; p = 0,0477) y con CRV agrupado sólo para varones (r = -0,36 p = 0,0055). Se encontró una asociación positiva entre el tiempo sentado y el VO2máx. inverso en los varones (r = 0,31; p = 0,0136). Conclusión: Estos resultados pueden contribuir a proponer intervenciones/acciones de política pública centradas en el aumento de la AF y la disminución del tiempo sentado, teniendo en cuenta la posible contribución a la salud cardiovascular en los adolescentes.
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