Palavras-chave
Ilha de calor urbana
Mapeamento sistemático de literatura.
Como Citar
Resumo
A mudança climática é um grande fenômeno contemporâneo com múltiplas consequências. Nas cidades, agrava o fenômeno das ilhas de calor urbano, tendo impacto na saúde dos habitantes e na sensação de desconforto térmico sentido nas zonas urbanas. Assim, cada vez mais é necessária a compreensão da temperatura do ar para inserir modelos quantitativos relacionados a uma ampla gama de fatores que influenciam a formação de ilhas de calor. Desta forma, o objetivo deste estudo é descrever como tem sido realizado os estudos de modelos de regressão linear múltipla para ilhas de calor urbanas, identificando assim as tendências dos estudos atuais por meio de um mapeamento sistemático de literatura. A partir da definição da string, iniciou-se a busca em quatro bases de dados, Web of Science, Scopus, Engineering Village e Science Direct. As buscas partiram de publicações entre 1996 a 2021. Uma vez que os artigos foram selecionados (643 artigos), aplicou-se os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, resultando no total de 34 artigos aderentes, sendo, a partir deste momento, lidos todos de forma integral. Observou-se um aumento nas publicações sobre esse tema nos últimos anos e demonstrou-se que a viabilidade calculada do modelo é relevante. Vários estudos buscam incorporar novas variáveis à análise, entretanto, são poucas variáveis que dão aos modelos precisão nos valores calculados, sendo estas Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), áreas verdes, aspectos relacionados à geometria urbana, proporção de água e áreas construídas. Com essas análises, recomendações serão fornecidas para estudos futuros e uma visão geral da literatura atual.
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