Analysis of pathological manifestations on façades aided by UAV

Abstract

The height of buildings creates places of difficult access that may have their degradation more accelerated by the lack of equipment capable of carrying out inspections of buildings. This article aims to analyze the constructive aspects and the pathological manifestations of the industrialized façades through inspections assisted by Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). The analysis of the constructive aspects covered technical visits to the building and observations made in the architectural design of the industrialized façade. The analysis of the pathological manifestations covered the proposition and the test of an inspection method to identify the external coating anomalies. Regarding the constructive aspects, it was observed that the design of these gaskets requires detailed levels, such as façade paging, production, and panel assembly monitoring, as well as joint control. Regarding the tested inspection method, the technique of obtaining the images using the stabilization of the drone at predetermined points proved to be more efficient than the technique of frames in pre-defined flights. The results pointed out that the lack of detail of the façade design caused failures concerning the configuration of the ventilation holes of the air chamber and the appearing of early pathological manifestations. Finally, it can be concluded that the UAV inspection processes can contribute to greater control, precision, and periodicity in the monitoring of façade behavior over its useful life, thus producing buildings that are more environmentally efficient and resistant to obsolescence.