Resumo
Devido à sua natureza migratória, a indústria da construção ainda sofre anualmente com altas taxas de lesões ocupacionais e de fatalidades quando comparada a outras indústrias. A gestão tradicional da segurança depende da experiência humana e de processos manuais, com isso, nos últimos anos, vários estudos se dedicam a investigar o uso da modelagem da informação da construção (BIM) para otimizar a gestão da segurança. O objetivo principal deste estudo foi investigar o potencial do BIM na gestão da segurança do trabalho no setor da construção. Para tal propósito, uma revisão sistemática foi realizada, classificando os artigos encontrados em cinco categorias: Checagem automática de regras, Feedback proativo, Treinamento e educação, Sistemas baseados no conhecimento e Planejamento e visualização. Os resultados mostram um crescimento de aplicações práticas do BIM, apesar das limitações ainda encontradas, e um avanço tecnológico quando comparado aos cenários anteriores. O BIM serve como uma plataforma central e tem o potencial de uso expandido quando combinado com tecnologias habilitadoras. Pode-se constatar um estágio inicial das aplicações práticas em alguns estudos, com limitações de riscos mitigados, de parâmetros monitorados e de funcionários envolvidos. Além disso, nota-se que o principal risco mitigado, eliminado ou monitorado é o risco de queda em altura. Ainda que o BIM possibilite uma melhora na gestão da segurança tradicional, é necessário que sua utilização seja mais estudada e aplicada em maior escala. Uma das recomendações para estudos futuros é a otimização do processo de atualização do modelo BIM por meio do uso de tecnologias habilitadoras.
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