Resumen
O termo “Ph.D.” (Philosophiae Doctor) se consubanstancia por um significado e sentido histórico-evolutivo, na medida em que, examinanos alguns emblemáticos aspectos sobre a História das Universidades. Nesses termos, uma compreensão do seu viés não estático pode ser adquirido, por exemplo, quando consideramos determinados rituais sociais incorporados, ao longo de séculos, pela universidade. Dessa forma, no presente trabalho, se discute uma noção ou tradição secular incorporada pelas universidades medievais denominado “Viva Voce” (soutenance de these) que, de forma prosaica, envolvia um exame oral de avaliação dos candidatos (ou professores universitários) no momento de apresentação de uma “dissertation” ou “thesis”. Dessa forma, ao decurso de uma apreciação do seu processo evolutivo da noção de “Ph.D.” (Philosophiae Doctor), se observa uma passagem de ênfase no ensino e que, durante os séculos XIX e XX, ocorreu uma maior ênfase para a pesquisa, de acordo com um paradigma moderno de universidade. Ademais, é possível identificar, mais recentemente, uma discussão em torno da noção de doutorado profissional, que se constitui como uma nova variante do doutorado acadêmico. Por fim, diante de um cenário recente da experiência de doutorados profissionais na área de ENSINO – 46 no Brasil, o trabalho assinala uma discussão atual e necessária sobre o papel do “Viva Voce” que não pode figurar como um ritual indefectível tanto para doutorados acadêmicos, bem como para o caso dos doutorados profissionais em recente evolução.
Citas
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