Keywords
Exercise
Cognition
Virtual reality
Psychology sports
How to Cite
Funding data
-
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Grant numbers 001
Abstract
Objective: To compare the effects of virtual reality (VR) exercises with conventional physical exercise on the cognitive and psychological capabilities of older people. Methods: Included articles published between 2012 and 2021, from the PubMed, Scielo, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases. Inclusion criteria: PICO strategy (Participant, Intervention, Comparison and Outcome/Outcome and; RoB 2- Cochrane to analyze the risk of bias for randomized trials; GRADE Pro, assessment of the quality of evidence. Results and discussion: 403 articles initially identified, 23 eligible for the systematic review and 14 included in the meta-analysis. Instruments found: Trail Making Test (TMT-B), Stroop Test, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). In TMT-B we observed heterogeneity (Tau²=0.51, I²=82.97%, Q=17.51, p=0.001) and a statistically significant difference between the groups, favoring the VR intervention (p=0.028). In the Stroop Test, we did not observe heterogeneity (Tau²=0, I²=0, Q=1.53, p=0.464) and there was no difference between the groups (p=0.194). In the MMSE and MoCA tests, we had heterogeneity between the groups (Tau²=0.17, I²=63.47%, Q=18.055, p=0.012), favoring VR in a statistically significant way (p=0.008). The SF-36 showed no heterogeneity between groups (Tau²=0, I²=0, Q=1.53, p=0.464) and there was no statistically significant difference (0.657). Conclusion: It is not yet possible to say that the use of VR alone is efficient, however we emphasize that interventions carried out with elderly people, in which they feel part of and are responsible for their performance, show interaction and motivation for physical exercise, helping them to have a healthier and more quality life.
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