Palabras clave
Rendimiento Atlético
Aptitud
Entrenadores
Cómo citar
Resumen
Introducción: La evaluación del potencial deportivo es un paso importante para descubrir nuevos talentos y debe utilizar predictores de rendimiento relevantes, que varían según la modalidad. Objetivo: Investiga la importancia de los entrenadores para los determinantes del rendimiento en el atletismo, analizando las diferencias entre los grupos de eventos. Metodología: Asistieron doce entrenadores brasileños (11 hombres, 83% de Minas Gerais, 75% con experiencia de alto nivel y 42% de títulos internacionales). Se aplicó un cuestionario que contenía seis factores y 51 indicadores de rendimiento en atletismo. Los entrenadores respondieron la importancia de los factores antropométricos, fisicomotores, técnicos, tácticos, psicológicos y socioambientales, en escala Likert, siendo 1-nada importante y 5-extremadamente importante. Luego, informaron el orden de importancia de estos factores para el desempeño en atletismo, considerando del 1º al 6º más importantes. Finalmente, evaluaron la importancia de factores e indicadores de desempeño para velocistas, corredores de fondo, saltadores, lanzadores y eventos combinados de pista y campo. Resultados e discusión: El orden de importancia de los factores de desempeño fue: 1º) Fisicomotor, 2º) Técnico, 3º) Psicológico, 4º) Antropométrico, 5º) Táctico y 6º) Socioambiental. El factor táctico fue el más importante para los corredores de fondo y los atletas de eventos combinados. Conclusión: En opinión de los entrenadores, las características físico-motoras, técnicas y psicológicas son, por este orden, los principales factores determinantes del rendimiento en el atletismo. Sin embargo, es necesario considerar las diferencias entre los grupos de eventos. Cada grupo de eventos muestra personajes particulares que dan como resultado un perfil específico.
Citas
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