Keywords
Precipitation
Strong winds
Trajectory density
Radius of the cyclones
How to Cite
Abstract
The atmospheric system called extratropical cyclone, when mentioned in the Brazilian media, in general, causes panic in the population. Then, this system is addressed here in simple language since our purpose is to share, with all those interested in the subject, information about the definition and formation processes of extratropical cyclones, the impacts they cause in Brazil and their climatological aspects in the Southern Hemisphere and the South Atlantic Ocean. This study is methodologically based on a literature review as well as in the use of state-of-the-art data (ERA5 reanalysis) and cyclone identification and tracking algorithm. Thus, extratropical cyclones are identified from 1991 to 2020 through sea level pressure data from the ERA5 reanalysis. Among the results, we show that the latitudinal band in the neighborhood of Antarctica is the one that presents the highest frequency of cyclones. However, these systems are also frequent in southeast Australia and in the South America coast between the latitudes of Rio de Janeiro and south of Argentina. Considering the Southern Hemisphere, extratropical cyclones are more frequent and intense in the winter months. Over the south and southeast coasts of Brazil, there is a higher frequency of these systems in summer.
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