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A demanda por cursos a distância entre os profissionais que trabalham em tempo parcial ou integral e que necessitam de atualizações contínuas em uma modalidade de aprendizagem conveniente, flexível, acessível, disponível a qualquer tempo e lugar defronta-se com barreiras à permanência dos alunos nesses cursos e, consequentemente, com altas taxas de evasão. O destaque dado à evasão e as razões para a sua ocorrência decorrem, em grande medida, da expansão da educação online e sua associação à qualidade dos processos de aprendizagem em ambientes virtuais. Entretanto, a diversidade de modelos teóricos utilizados, a extensa lista de variáveis apontadas como preditoras e o número expressivo de investigações que apresentam resultados divergentes acerca das causas da evasão sinalizam para o caráter complexo e multidimensional desse fenômeno. Esse artigo de revisão tem como metas discutir os diferentes conceitos e modelos teóricos e as variáveis identificadas como preditoras nos estudos sobre abandono em ambientes virtuais, bem como assinalar as estratégias para reduzi-la.
Citas
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